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<p>Friction stir welding (FSW) is an efficient solid-state process which can be applied to enhance the mechanical and microstructural properties of aluminium alloys through homogeneous reinforcement distribution. In the present work, the FSW process is employed to fabricate Al5086/TiB₂ surface composites. The tribological behaviour of the FSWed composites is examined under dry sliding using a pin-on-disc apparatus. The wear rate and the COF are analysed by Four factors: weight% of TiB₂, applied load, sliding speed (SD) and sliding distance. Based on the results, the lowest wear rate (0.00026&#xa0;mm³/Nm) is obtained at 6 Wt% TiB₂ content, applied load of 70&#xa0;N, a sliding speed of 15&#xa0;m/s and a sliding distance of 1500&#xa0;m. Furthermore, interaction analysis revealed that the intermediate reinforcement level (4 wt% TiB₂) resulted in peak friction conditions, whereas increasing the reinforcement to 6 wt% significantly reduced the COF to 0.36. The optimised sample was observed under a scanning electron microscope (SEM), revealing obvious wear particles, core delamination and cracks.These results indicated that Superior tribological properties can be attributed to strong interfacial bonding, enhanced particle distribution and grain refinement provided by FSW action.</p>

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Multi factor analysis of wear performance in friction stir welded Al alloy reinforced with TiB₂ ceramic particles

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年4月18日

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  • Indira Benjeer Budavarthi,
  • Kaladari Adarsha Kumar,
  • Anil Kumar Deepati,
  • Abdul Rahman Musa Khamaj

摘要

Friction stir welding (FSW) is an efficient solid-state process which can be applied to enhance the mechanical and microstructural properties of aluminium alloys through homogeneous reinforcement distribution. In the present work, the FSW process is employed to fabricate Al5086/TiB₂ surface composites. The tribological behaviour of the FSWed composites is examined under dry sliding using a pin-on-disc apparatus. The wear rate and the COF are analysed by Four factors: weight% of TiB₂, applied load, sliding speed (SD) and sliding distance. Based on the results, the lowest wear rate (0.00026 mm³/Nm) is obtained at 6 Wt% TiB₂ content, applied load of 70 N, a sliding speed of 15 m/s and a sliding distance of 1500 m. Furthermore, interaction analysis revealed that the intermediate reinforcement level (4 wt% TiB₂) resulted in peak friction conditions, whereas increasing the reinforcement to 6 wt% significantly reduced the COF to 0.36. The optimised sample was observed under a scanning electron microscope (SEM), revealing obvious wear particles, core delamination and cracks.These results indicated that Superior tribological properties can be attributed to strong interfacial bonding, enhanced particle distribution and grain refinement provided by FSW action.