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<p>The construction sector is facing two challenges simultaneously, an increasing amount of demolished waste and the dwindling reserves of natural river sand. Hence this research focus on investigating a high-strength Quad-Hybrid Sustainable Self-Compacting Concrete (SCC) system using a ternary binder consisting of OPC, fly ash and GGBS. In total fifteen combinations of different mixtures were evaluated in order to find replacement for the usage of natural aggregate (Recycled Coarse Aggregate (RCA), and Manufactured Sand (M-Sand)) and to be used with Polypropylene Fibers. The rheological tests showed that both RCA and M-Sand have higher viscosity than the control sample. All samples met the EFNARC self-compacting criteria due to successful achievement of their respective T500 flow time. All mixes also demonstrated improved mechanical performance. The optimized hybrid mix M11 exhibited a compressive strength of 71.5&#xa0;MPa, which is a 5% increase on the reference mixture. The highest flexural strength was measured on the mix M8 with 7.4&#xa0;MPa (21.3% increase) and the highest split tensile strength was obtained for same mix with 6.1&#xa0;MPa (38.6% increase). Durability analysis has shown that the synergy of M-Sand and fibers can counteract the negative effect of RCA porosity. The lowest chloride permeability was observed for the mix M3, i.e. 1099&#xa0;C. Through the synergy of M-Sand interlock and fiber crack bridging, the optimized Quad-Hybrid SCC demonstrates how it can compensate for the shortcomings of recycled aggregates and therefore support a circular economy in modern infrastructure.</p>

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Optimization of a high-strength quad-hybrid sustainable self-compacting concrete system incorporating ternary blenders and recycled aggregates

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年3月30日

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  • Selina Ruby G.,
  • Sankar M.,
  • Tamil Maran E.,
  • Naveen Kumar S.

摘要

The construction sector is facing two challenges simultaneously, an increasing amount of demolished waste and the dwindling reserves of natural river sand. Hence this research focus on investigating a high-strength Quad-Hybrid Sustainable Self-Compacting Concrete (SCC) system using a ternary binder consisting of OPC, fly ash and GGBS. In total fifteen combinations of different mixtures were evaluated in order to find replacement for the usage of natural aggregate (Recycled Coarse Aggregate (RCA), and Manufactured Sand (M-Sand)) and to be used with Polypropylene Fibers. The rheological tests showed that both RCA and M-Sand have higher viscosity than the control sample. All samples met the EFNARC self-compacting criteria due to successful achievement of their respective T500 flow time. All mixes also demonstrated improved mechanical performance. The optimized hybrid mix M11 exhibited a compressive strength of 71.5 MPa, which is a 5% increase on the reference mixture. The highest flexural strength was measured on the mix M8 with 7.4 MPa (21.3% increase) and the highest split tensile strength was obtained for same mix with 6.1 MPa (38.6% increase). Durability analysis has shown that the synergy of M-Sand and fibers can counteract the negative effect of RCA porosity. The lowest chloride permeability was observed for the mix M3, i.e. 1099 C. Through the synergy of M-Sand interlock and fiber crack bridging, the optimized Quad-Hybrid SCC demonstrates how it can compensate for the shortcomings of recycled aggregates and therefore support a circular economy in modern infrastructure.