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<p>Monitoring ice velocities and their retreat over time provides crucial insights into the temporal movement and predictability of glacier and avalanche directions. Such information on the possible outburst, distance and velocity can aid in planning adequate remedial and mitigation processes. A devastating flash flood occurred on 7 February 2021 in a group of Nanda Devi Glaciers in Chamoli District, Uttarakhand. The flashflood was triggered by huge mass of ice detachment which occurred at an elevation of about 5,600&#xa0;m above sea level. The catastrophe led to immense economic and infrastructure damage along with loss of several human lives. The incident was triggered by an ice detachment from a north-facing slope northeast of Trisul Peak in the Nanda Devi region, which subsequently impacted the Ronti Bank. Integration of SAR remote sensing and DEM has proved to be an important tool to monitor and study such catastrophes. For effective computation of the velocity of detachments of ice/glaciers in the study area, Sentinel 1&#xa0;A images were taken and analysed for two time periods of 3 February 2021 and 10 February 2021. The images were preprocessed, followed by noise removal and calibrated for further interpretation. DEM assisted co-registration and subsets were performed prior to the velocity estimation. Orthorectification, co-registration, offset tracking and terrain corrections were carried out using the open-source software, Sentinels Application Platform (SNAP). The analysis, together with time-series image acquisition, allowed the ice-velocity to be calculated and was subsequently integrated with Google Earth for clear and effective visualization. The results reveal significant spatial movement and variability in glacier movement, with a maximum velocity of approximately 61&#xa0;m/day observed near the detachment zone, indicating extreme instability during the span of the observed time duration. The present study has thus highlighted the potential of open-source remote sensing tools for precise, effective and timely monitoring of glaciers related hazards and supports their application in disaster risk reduction and early-warning frameworks.</p>

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Assessment of glacier and ice dynamics through velocity computation using Sentinel Application Platform (SNAP)

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年3月12日

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  • Sangay Nidup,
  • Ashish Aggarwal

摘要

Monitoring ice velocities and their retreat over time provides crucial insights into the temporal movement and predictability of glacier and avalanche directions. Such information on the possible outburst, distance and velocity can aid in planning adequate remedial and mitigation processes. A devastating flash flood occurred on 7 February 2021 in a group of Nanda Devi Glaciers in Chamoli District, Uttarakhand. The flashflood was triggered by huge mass of ice detachment which occurred at an elevation of about 5,600 m above sea level. The catastrophe led to immense economic and infrastructure damage along with loss of several human lives. The incident was triggered by an ice detachment from a north-facing slope northeast of Trisul Peak in the Nanda Devi region, which subsequently impacted the Ronti Bank. Integration of SAR remote sensing and DEM has proved to be an important tool to monitor and study such catastrophes. For effective computation of the velocity of detachments of ice/glaciers in the study area, Sentinel 1 A images were taken and analysed for two time periods of 3 February 2021 and 10 February 2021. The images were preprocessed, followed by noise removal and calibrated for further interpretation. DEM assisted co-registration and subsets were performed prior to the velocity estimation. Orthorectification, co-registration, offset tracking and terrain corrections were carried out using the open-source software, Sentinels Application Platform (SNAP). The analysis, together with time-series image acquisition, allowed the ice-velocity to be calculated and was subsequently integrated with Google Earth for clear and effective visualization. The results reveal significant spatial movement and variability in glacier movement, with a maximum velocity of approximately 61 m/day observed near the detachment zone, indicating extreme instability during the span of the observed time duration. The present study has thus highlighted the potential of open-source remote sensing tools for precise, effective and timely monitoring of glaciers related hazards and supports their application in disaster risk reduction and early-warning frameworks.