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<p>This study presents the fabrication, characterization, and optimization of planar-heterojunction Cs₃Bi₂I₉ perovskite solar cells, supported by SCAPS-1D simulations. Experimental results reveal that among the fabricated devices (A1, A2, and A3), sample A3 demonstrates the highest efficiency, with a 0.72% improvement over its counterparts. This superior performance is attributed to its larger crystallite size, reduced strain, minimal dislocation density, and enhanced carrier mobility. These properties collectively minimize recombination losses, increase carrier lifetime, and improve charge transport and collection. To further understand and enhance the performance of the fabricated devices, SCAPS-1D was employed to simulate the model. By experimental parameters such as minority carrier lifetime and absorber layer thickness, the efficiency of the A3 device improved significantly in the simulated optimized model, achieving a notable increase in short-circuit current density (J<sub>SC</sub>). The optimization highlights the importance of balancing material properties and device architecture to minimize losses and enhance efficiency. This work also explores the relationship between carrier lifetime, diffusion length, and film thickness, emphasizing their combined impact on solar cell performance. While minor discrepancies were observed between experimental and simulated data, they fell within an acceptable range, validating the simulation approach. The findings underline the potential of targeted material and structural optimization to push the efficiency of Cs₃Bi₂I₉ solar cells closer to their theoretical limits. The success of sample A3 offers valuable insights for advancing perovskite photovoltaics.</p>

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Preliminary study on planar-mixed dimensional Cs3Bi2I9 solar cells: SCAPS-1D simulation and experimental analysis

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年1月16日

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  • Wan Zulhafizhazuan,
  • K. Sobayel,
  • Shafidah Shafian,
  • Suhaila Sepeai,
  • Mohd Adib Ibrahim

摘要

This study presents the fabrication, characterization, and optimization of planar-heterojunction Cs₃Bi₂I₉ perovskite solar cells, supported by SCAPS-1D simulations. Experimental results reveal that among the fabricated devices (A1, A2, and A3), sample A3 demonstrates the highest efficiency, with a 0.72% improvement over its counterparts. This superior performance is attributed to its larger crystallite size, reduced strain, minimal dislocation density, and enhanced carrier mobility. These properties collectively minimize recombination losses, increase carrier lifetime, and improve charge transport and collection. To further understand and enhance the performance of the fabricated devices, SCAPS-1D was employed to simulate the model. By experimental parameters such as minority carrier lifetime and absorber layer thickness, the efficiency of the A3 device improved significantly in the simulated optimized model, achieving a notable increase in short-circuit current density (JSC). The optimization highlights the importance of balancing material properties and device architecture to minimize losses and enhance efficiency. This work also explores the relationship between carrier lifetime, diffusion length, and film thickness, emphasizing their combined impact on solar cell performance. While minor discrepancies were observed between experimental and simulated data, they fell within an acceptable range, validating the simulation approach. The findings underline the potential of targeted material and structural optimization to push the efficiency of Cs₃Bi₂I₉ solar cells closer to their theoretical limits. The success of sample A3 offers valuable insights for advancing perovskite photovoltaics.