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<p>This work aims to elucidate the potential of Spirulina platensis (SP) to hinder the accumulation of polyethylene nanoparticles (PE-NPS) in crayfish (<i>Procambarus clarkii</i>) and to reduce their detrimental impacts. Four groups (control (only food), PE-NP<sub>S</sub> (10 mg/L), PE-NPS (10 mg/L) + <i>S. platensis,</i> and only <i>S. platensis</i> in the last group) were studied. The group exposed to PE-NP<sub>S</sub> only showed: (1) an increase in oxidative stress enzymes (the superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GPx), glutathione (GSH), and total active cannabinoids (TAC)); (2) a decrease in the activity of the nervous and immune system enzymes (nitric oxide (NO), acetylcholinesterase (AchE), lysozyme activities LYZ, phenoloxidase (POX), and acid phosphatase (ACP)); and (3) a reduction in the hemocyte counts as a circulatory system marker. In the group treated with PE-NPs + <i>S. platensis,</i> there was a positive effect on: (1) the oxidative stress enzymes which reduced by almost 9%; (2) the neurological parameters have shown a significant increase by around 10.5%; the immune parameters (LYZ and ACP) showed a slight increase by almost 6.5%, while the POX enzyme elevated by 18% till reached its normal activity, and (3) the hemocyte counts increased significantly by 18%. The results illustrate the ability of <i>S. platensis</i> to reduce the adverse impacts of PE-NPs on crayfish.</p>

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The protective role of Spirulina platensis against the alterations in some biomarkers in crayfish (Procambarus clarkii) exposed to polyethylene nanoplastics

  • 期刊论文

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  • 发表日期：

    2026年5月21日

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  • Amal Mokhtar,
  • Alaa El-Din H. Sayed,
  • Sherif F. Hammad,
  • Mohamed A. Ghazy

摘要

This work aims to elucidate the potential of Spirulina platensis (SP) to hinder the accumulation of polyethylene nanoparticles (PE-NPS) in crayfish (Procambarus clarkii) and to reduce their detrimental impacts. Four groups (control (only food), PE-NPS (10 mg/L), PE-NPS (10 mg/L) + S. platensis, and only S. platensis in the last group) were studied. The group exposed to PE-NPS only showed: (1) an increase in oxidative stress enzymes (the superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GPx), glutathione (GSH), and total active cannabinoids (TAC)); (2) a decrease in the activity of the nervous and immune system enzymes (nitric oxide (NO), acetylcholinesterase (AchE), lysozyme activities LYZ, phenoloxidase (POX), and acid phosphatase (ACP)); and (3) a reduction in the hemocyte counts as a circulatory system marker. In the group treated with PE-NPs + S. platensis, there was a positive effect on: (1) the oxidative stress enzymes which reduced by almost 9%; (2) the neurological parameters have shown a significant increase by around 10.5%; the immune parameters (LYZ and ACP) showed a slight increase by almost 6.5%, while the POX enzyme elevated by 18% till reached its normal activity, and (3) the hemocyte counts increased significantly by 18%. The results illustrate the ability of S. platensis to reduce the adverse impacts of PE-NPs on crayfish.