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<p>Zooplankton hatching is triggered by a series of environmental cues, and changes in these cues may alter hatching patterns. Our main objective was to assess how a 4&#xa0;°C temperature increase influences timing and abundance of zooplankton hatching in temporary ponds from two Mediterranean-climate regions, Chile and Spain. For this, we conducted hatching experiments using microcosms with pond sediments. For each region, 15 ponds were selected, representing three hydroperiod types: semipermanent, seasonal, and ephemeral. Microcosms were incubated under two temperatures: current autumn conditions for Mediterranean-climate regions (15 to 23&#xa0;°C) and a projected 4&#xa0;°C increase. Warming significantly influenced timing and abundance of hatching of specific taxa across hydroregimes. Under warmer conditions, large branchiopods delayed their emergence and declined in abundance; rotifers hatched earlier but in reduced numbers, in some hydroregimes; copepods exhibited similar hatching times but lower abundances, in contrast to ostracods; and cladocerans hatched earlier while maintaining similar abundances. Differences in these pioneer experimental communities were primarily driven by hydroregime, while temperature exerted only minor additional effects in Spanish ponds. Overall, results indicate that zooplankton hatching is shaped by region-specific interactions between temperature and hydroperiod, with taxon-specific responses that have the potential to alter community dynamics under ongoing climate change.</p>

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Hydroregime-dependent shifts in zooplankton hatching under increasing temperatures in Mediterranean temporary ponds: an experimental approach

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年3月13日

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  • Camila López-Allendes,
  • Stéphanie Gascón,
  • Rodrigo Ramos-Jiliberto,
  • Francesc Mesquita-Joanes,
  • Xavier Armengol,
  • Carla Olmo

摘要

Zooplankton hatching is triggered by a series of environmental cues, and changes in these cues may alter hatching patterns. Our main objective was to assess how a 4 °C temperature increase influences timing and abundance of zooplankton hatching in temporary ponds from two Mediterranean-climate regions, Chile and Spain. For this, we conducted hatching experiments using microcosms with pond sediments. For each region, 15 ponds were selected, representing three hydroperiod types: semipermanent, seasonal, and ephemeral. Microcosms were incubated under two temperatures: current autumn conditions for Mediterranean-climate regions (15 to 23 °C) and a projected 4 °C increase. Warming significantly influenced timing and abundance of hatching of specific taxa across hydroregimes. Under warmer conditions, large branchiopods delayed their emergence and declined in abundance; rotifers hatched earlier but in reduced numbers, in some hydroregimes; copepods exhibited similar hatching times but lower abundances, in contrast to ostracods; and cladocerans hatched earlier while maintaining similar abundances. Differences in these pioneer experimental communities were primarily driven by hydroregime, while temperature exerted only minor additional effects in Spanish ponds. Overall, results indicate that zooplankton hatching is shaped by region-specific interactions between temperature and hydroperiod, with taxon-specific responses that have the potential to alter community dynamics under ongoing climate change.