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<p><i>Clarias dussumieri is</i> an endemic catfish of India primarily found in ponds and swamps. The species is a high-value food fish and has tremendous conservation significance. Since the population declines over a short period, a holistic approach is needed to conserve the species. Identifying genetic stock and species variability is essential to conserve and sustainably manage organisms. This study uses mitochondrial and nuclear microsatellite markers to assess genetic variability in the near-threatened catfish <i>C. dussumieri.</i> 303 samples were collected from various locations in the Western Ghats, a biodiversity hot spot in India. Cytochrome b gene of mitochondria is amplified in 114 samples<i>.</i> A total of 45 haplotypes were identified from 114 Cyt b sequences. Haplotype and nucleotide diversity ranged from 0.3137–0.9608 to 0.0005–0.0027, respectively. The total <i>F</i><sub><i>ST</i></sub> value, 0.20 (<i>P</i> &lt; 0.05), was significant. Further, nuclear microsatellite markers were developed using third-generation sequencing technology in PacBio RSII. Ninety-two loci were identified as polymorphic in <i>C. dussumieri,</i> and seventeen panels of 44 highly polymorphic loci were designed for their population genetic analysis<i>.</i> Samples were genotyped using 19 loci with 271 fish samples from six locations. Both nuclear and mitochondrial markers revealed distinct genetic structuring in the <i>C. dussumieri</i>, which warrants the need to breed different genetic stocks separately and promote stock-specific ranching. This integrated approach is vital before initiating restoration programs and identifying potential conservation units among wild populations. The study also provides insight into the evolutionary history and endemism of <i>C. dussumieri</i> in the Western Ghats region of Southern India.</p>

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Genetic diversity assessment of near-threatened endemic catfish Clarias dussumieri in Western Ghats, India: implications for conservation

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年7月30日

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  • Divya Prema Radhakrishnan,
  • Divya Merin Jose,
  • C. P. Abhilash,
  • V. S. Basheer,
  • Uttam Kumar Sarkar

摘要

Clarias dussumieri is an endemic catfish of India primarily found in ponds and swamps. The species is a high-value food fish and has tremendous conservation significance. Since the population declines over a short period, a holistic approach is needed to conserve the species. Identifying genetic stock and species variability is essential to conserve and sustainably manage organisms. This study uses mitochondrial and nuclear microsatellite markers to assess genetic variability in the near-threatened catfish C. dussumieri. 303 samples were collected from various locations in the Western Ghats, a biodiversity hot spot in India. Cytochrome b gene of mitochondria is amplified in 114 samples. A total of 45 haplotypes were identified from 114 Cyt b sequences. Haplotype and nucleotide diversity ranged from 0.3137–0.9608 to 0.0005–0.0027, respectively. The total FST value, 0.20 (P < 0.05), was significant. Further, nuclear microsatellite markers were developed using third-generation sequencing technology in PacBio RSII. Ninety-two loci were identified as polymorphic in C. dussumieri, and seventeen panels of 44 highly polymorphic loci were designed for their population genetic analysis. Samples were genotyped using 19 loci with 271 fish samples from six locations. Both nuclear and mitochondrial markers revealed distinct genetic structuring in the C. dussumieri, which warrants the need to breed different genetic stocks separately and promote stock-specific ranching. This integrated approach is vital before initiating restoration programs and identifying potential conservation units among wild populations. The study also provides insight into the evolutionary history and endemism of C. dussumieri in the Western Ghats region of Southern India.