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<p>Fish may significantly affect habitat use by birds. Ponds rearing different common carp <i>Cyprinus carpio</i> cohorts can offer different food resources for the larger Great Crested Grebe <i>Podiceps cristatus</i> and the smaller Black-necked Grebe <i>Podiceps nigricollis</i>. However, carp ponds may be ecological traps for grebes. The numbers of nests and fledglings of the studied grebes were counted on fishponds in southern Poland during the breeding seasons in 2020–2023. The impact of pond surface, coverage by plants, mean fish weight, fish density and number of associated birds on the numbers of nests and fledglings of grebes was analyzed using a generalized linear model. Foraging success of randomly chosen adults feeding one young was studied on the selected ponds. Numbers of nests and fledglings of Great Crested Grebe increased with fish density. No factors were significant for the nesting success of this grebe. Fish density and mean fish weight did not significantly affect the number of nests of Black-necked Grebe. Although higher fish density did not affect the nesting success of larger grebe, it increased the foraging success of adults feeding young. Larger grebe was able to provide more food than smaller grebe in the same time.</p>

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Impact of fish density and weight on breeding and foraging of two species of grebes differing in body size in carp ponds

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年3月18日

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  • Robert Gwiazda

摘要

Fish may significantly affect habitat use by birds. Ponds rearing different common carp Cyprinus carpio cohorts can offer different food resources for the larger Great Crested Grebe Podiceps cristatus and the smaller Black-necked Grebe Podiceps nigricollis. However, carp ponds may be ecological traps for grebes. The numbers of nests and fledglings of the studied grebes were counted on fishponds in southern Poland during the breeding seasons in 2020–2023. The impact of pond surface, coverage by plants, mean fish weight, fish density and number of associated birds on the numbers of nests and fledglings of grebes was analyzed using a generalized linear model. Foraging success of randomly chosen adults feeding one young was studied on the selected ponds. Numbers of nests and fledglings of Great Crested Grebe increased with fish density. No factors were significant for the nesting success of this grebe. Fish density and mean fish weight did not significantly affect the number of nests of Black-necked Grebe. Although higher fish density did not affect the nesting success of larger grebe, it increased the foraging success of adults feeding young. Larger grebe was able to provide more food than smaller grebe in the same time.