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<p>We evaluated whether the taxonomic (TD), functional (FD), and proxy for phylogenetic (PPD) diversity of endoparasites differ among fish species from the upper Paraná River floodplain. We compared the different facets of biodiversity (TD, FD, and PPD) at the sampling unit level (<i>α</i>-diversity or parasite diversity at the level of a host individual) and among sampling units (parasite diversity within (<i>β</i>1) or between (<i>β</i>2) host individuals of a species). We found that the <i>α</i>-diversity of the infracommunities was strongly affected by the host species, and we found differences mainly at the level of taxonomic and proxy for phylogeny. At the <i>β</i>1 level, parasitic communities of fish of the same species tended to be more similar. At the <i>β</i>2 level, the parasitic communities differed significantly from randomness, indicating that the similarity of the infracommunities was lower than the simulated values. These results suggest that the composition of endoparasite infracommunities, in terms of species and phylogeny, is strongly influenced by the characteristics of the host species (e.g., trophic level, feeding, trophic category, length body, weight body, etc.), which are crucial for the acquisition of parasites, primarily because parasites rely on trophic interactions to reach their hosts.</p>

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Host fishes shape the taxonomic, functional, and phylogenetic diversity of endoparasite communities in a Neotropical floodplain

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年1月7日

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  • Atsler Luana Lehun,
  • Lidiany Doreto Cavalcanti,
  • Guilherme Pomaro Casali,
  • João Otávio Santos Silva,
  • Gabriela Michelan,
  • Juan Antonio Balbuena,
  • Ricardo Massato Takemoto

摘要

We evaluated whether the taxonomic (TD), functional (FD), and proxy for phylogenetic (PPD) diversity of endoparasites differ among fish species from the upper Paraná River floodplain. We compared the different facets of biodiversity (TD, FD, and PPD) at the sampling unit level (α-diversity or parasite diversity at the level of a host individual) and among sampling units (parasite diversity within (β1) or between (β2) host individuals of a species). We found that the α-diversity of the infracommunities was strongly affected by the host species, and we found differences mainly at the level of taxonomic and proxy for phylogeny. At the β1 level, parasitic communities of fish of the same species tended to be more similar. At the β2 level, the parasitic communities differed significantly from randomness, indicating that the similarity of the infracommunities was lower than the simulated values. These results suggest that the composition of endoparasite infracommunities, in terms of species and phylogeny, is strongly influenced by the characteristics of the host species (e.g., trophic level, feeding, trophic category, length body, weight body, etc.), which are crucial for the acquisition of parasites, primarily because parasites rely on trophic interactions to reach their hosts.