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<p>To evaluate whether cumin (<i>Cuminum cyminum</i>) oil attenuates nandrolone decanoate (ND)-induced hepatic alterations in rats. Eighty male Sprague–Dawley rats were randomized into six groups: control, cumin oil alone, ND low dose (10&#xa0;mg/kg/week), ND high dose (20&#xa0;mg/kg/week), ND low dose + cumin oil, and ND high dose + cumin oil. Cumin oil was administered orally at 400&#xa0;mg/kg/day for 4&#xa0;weeks. Outcomes included relative liver weight index, serum ALT/AST, total bilirubin, lipid profile, and blinded histopathology. Both ND doses increased ALT/AST and bilirubin levels and worsened the lipid profile compared with controls, with more pronounced and significant alterations in the high-dose ND group. Co-administration of cumin oil attenuated ND-associated elevations in liver enzymes and bilirubin, improved lipid parameters, and was associated with reduced histological damage compared with ND alone. Interestingly, cumin oil alone increased ALT/AST and lipid parameters compared with controls, although liver architecture remained unremarkable on H&amp;E. In this rat model, cumin oil co-administration partially attenuated ND-induced hepatic biochemical, lipid, and histological alterations. However, cumin oil alone increased ALT/AST and lipid parameters despite unremarkable H&amp;E morphology. Therefore, the present findings should be interpreted as evidence of context-dependent attenuation during ND exposure, not as proof of an independent hepatoprotective or lipid-lowering effect of cumin oil in healthy rats. Dose-ranging, safety evaluation, batch-specific chemical profiling, preparation standardization, and mechanistic studies incorporating antioxidant/oxidative stress markers such as MDA, GSH, SOD, CAT, GPx, and molecular endpoints are needed to clarify pathways and translational relevance.</p>

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Protective effects of cumin oil against nandrolone decanoate-induced liver injury in rats

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年6月19日

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  • Heba Hussein Rohym,
  • Mohamed S. Hemeda,
  • Ghada M. Elgalad,
  • Ghada M. Abeltawab,
  • Hytham S. Hemeida,
  • Mohammed Makloph

摘要

To evaluate whether cumin (Cuminum cyminum) oil attenuates nandrolone decanoate (ND)-induced hepatic alterations in rats. Eighty male Sprague–Dawley rats were randomized into six groups: control, cumin oil alone, ND low dose (10 mg/kg/week), ND high dose (20 mg/kg/week), ND low dose + cumin oil, and ND high dose + cumin oil. Cumin oil was administered orally at 400 mg/kg/day for 4 weeks. Outcomes included relative liver weight index, serum ALT/AST, total bilirubin, lipid profile, and blinded histopathology. Both ND doses increased ALT/AST and bilirubin levels and worsened the lipid profile compared with controls, with more pronounced and significant alterations in the high-dose ND group. Co-administration of cumin oil attenuated ND-associated elevations in liver enzymes and bilirubin, improved lipid parameters, and was associated with reduced histological damage compared with ND alone. Interestingly, cumin oil alone increased ALT/AST and lipid parameters compared with controls, although liver architecture remained unremarkable on H&E. In this rat model, cumin oil co-administration partially attenuated ND-induced hepatic biochemical, lipid, and histological alterations. However, cumin oil alone increased ALT/AST and lipid parameters despite unremarkable H&E morphology. Therefore, the present findings should be interpreted as evidence of context-dependent attenuation during ND exposure, not as proof of an independent hepatoprotective or lipid-lowering effect of cumin oil in healthy rats. Dose-ranging, safety evaluation, batch-specific chemical profiling, preparation standardization, and mechanistic studies incorporating antioxidant/oxidative stress markers such as MDA, GSH, SOD, CAT, GPx, and molecular endpoints are needed to clarify pathways and translational relevance.