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<p>Skin burn healing faces challenges, including delayed wound closure, high infection risk, and scar formation, necessitating the development of novel biomaterials to enhance tissue regeneration. This study investigates the promoting effect and molecular mechanism of a 3D-printed concentrated growth factor (CGF)-loaded poly (lactic-<i>co</i>-glycolic acid) (PLGA) microsphere composite methacryloyl gelatin (GelMA) hydrogel (GelMA-CGF-PLGA) on skin burn healing. CGF–PLGA microspheres were prepared via a double emulsion method, and their morphology and particle size were characterized. The GelMA was synthesized and 3D‑printed into hydrogel scaffolds, followed by evaluation of their rheological properties and biocompatibility. In vitro experiments (cell viability, macrophage polarization, and angiogenesis) and a rat burn model were used to analyze the material’s anti-inflammatory, pro-angiogenic, and wound healing effects. The 3D-printed GelMA hydrogel demonstrated a uniform pore structure (approximately 500&#xa0;μm in diameter) with consistent elasticity, excellent biocompatibility, and sustained release profiles for vascular endothelial growth factor and platelet-derived growth factor-BB. In vitro experiments revealed that the GelMA-CGF-PLGA composite significantly enhanced the viability of human skin fibroblasts (HSFs), suppressed M1 macrophage polarization, and promoted angiogenic activity. Furthermore, in a rat burn model, treatment with GelMA-CGF-PLGA resulted in markedly accelerated wound closure compared to control groups. GelMA–CGF–PLGA significantly accelerates burn wound healing by synergistically regulating the inflammatory microenvironment, promoting angiogenesis, and facilitating collagen remodeling.</p>

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The role and mechanism of 3D-printed hydrogel-CGF/PLGA composite polymer in promoting skin burn healing

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年3月17日

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  • Yue Guo,
  • Yong Miao,
  • ZhiQi Hu,
  • Qian Qu

摘要

Skin burn healing faces challenges, including delayed wound closure, high infection risk, and scar formation, necessitating the development of novel biomaterials to enhance tissue regeneration. This study investigates the promoting effect and molecular mechanism of a 3D-printed concentrated growth factor (CGF)-loaded poly (lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA) microsphere composite methacryloyl gelatin (GelMA) hydrogel (GelMA-CGF-PLGA) on skin burn healing. CGF–PLGA microspheres were prepared via a double emulsion method, and their morphology and particle size were characterized. The GelMA was synthesized and 3D‑printed into hydrogel scaffolds, followed by evaluation of their rheological properties and biocompatibility. In vitro experiments (cell viability, macrophage polarization, and angiogenesis) and a rat burn model were used to analyze the material’s anti-inflammatory, pro-angiogenic, and wound healing effects. The 3D-printed GelMA hydrogel demonstrated a uniform pore structure (approximately 500 μm in diameter) with consistent elasticity, excellent biocompatibility, and sustained release profiles for vascular endothelial growth factor and platelet-derived growth factor-BB. In vitro experiments revealed that the GelMA-CGF-PLGA composite significantly enhanced the viability of human skin fibroblasts (HSFs), suppressed M1 macrophage polarization, and promoted angiogenic activity. Furthermore, in a rat burn model, treatment with GelMA-CGF-PLGA resulted in markedly accelerated wound closure compared to control groups. GelMA–CGF–PLGA significantly accelerates burn wound healing by synergistically regulating the inflammatory microenvironment, promoting angiogenesis, and facilitating collagen remodeling.