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<p>Silica nanoparticles (SiO<sub>2</sub>-NPs) are very desirable candidates for gene and drugs carriers due to their adjustable biocompatibility, but can negatively affect the vital organs like brain. Liposomal Curcumin (LP-Cur) is recognized for its significant anti-inflammatory, anti-apoptotic, and antioxidant properties. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the potential protective role of LP-Cur against neurotoxicity induced by SiO<sub>2</sub>-NPs (spherical with average particle size 108.80 ± 9.6&#xa0;nm) in albino rat brain models. Forty adult male albino rats (average weight (170 ± 20&#xa0;g)) were categorized into four distinct groups: Group I (control group) received 0.9% saline intraperitoneally, Group II (SiO<sub>2</sub>-NPs exposed group) was intraperitoneally injected with SiO<sub>2</sub>-NPs at the concentration of 200&#xa0;mg/kg body weight daily, Group III (SiO<sub>2</sub>-NPs + LP-Cur group) was treated with SiO<sub>2</sub>-NPs (200&#xa0;mg/kg/day) followed by LP-Cur (80&#xa0;mg/kg/day) orally, and Group IV (LP-Cur group) was orally administered with 80&#xa0;mg/kg/day. All therapies were administered over a thirty-day period. Subsequently, the rodents underwent a behavioral, biochemical, histological, and immunohistochemical assessment. This study demonstrated that exposure to SiO<sub>2</sub>-NPs adversely affect memory and cognitive function. They significantly increased malondialdehyde (MDA) and decreased the reduced glutathione levels. Furthermore, SiO2-NPs significantly decreased the expression of <i>AChE, Nrf-2</i>, and <i>SOD</i> genes, while increasing the expression of <i>caspase-3</i> and <i>caspase-9</i> genes. Moreover, SiO<sub>2</sub>-NPs produced serious histological alterations including increased pericellular spaces vacuolation of the neuropil, vascular dilatation, neuronal degeneration and pyknosis. In addition to an intense caspase-3 and GFAP immunoreaction. However, administering LP-Cur alleviated the neurotoxic effects induced by SiO<sub>2</sub>-NPs through its potent antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and anti-apoptotic properties as the liposomal curcumin helps reduce oxidative stress, inhibit lipid peroxidation, and modulate inflammatory signaling pathways such as NF-κB and Nrf2. These effects collectively contribute to protecting cells and tissues from damage induced by SiO<sub>2</sub>-NPs. Consequently, liposomal curcumin represents a promising therapeutic strategy for preventing or mitigating the progression of oxidative stress–related diseases.</p>

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Neurotoxic and neurobehavioral impacts of silica nanoparticles on brain tissue of albino rats with the potential ameliorative efficacy of liposomal curcumin

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年12月22日

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  • Hala Youssef,
  • Yasmine A. Mansour,
  • Ebtihal M. M. EL-Leithy,
  • Mona K. Galal,
  • Maha M. Rashad,
  • Basma M. Bawish,
  • Emad Tolba,
  • Mamdouh A. El-Shammaa

摘要

Silica nanoparticles (SiO2-NPs) are very desirable candidates for gene and drugs carriers due to their adjustable biocompatibility, but can negatively affect the vital organs like brain. Liposomal Curcumin (LP-Cur) is recognized for its significant anti-inflammatory, anti-apoptotic, and antioxidant properties. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the potential protective role of LP-Cur against neurotoxicity induced by SiO2-NPs (spherical with average particle size 108.80 ± 9.6 nm) in albino rat brain models. Forty adult male albino rats (average weight (170 ± 20 g)) were categorized into four distinct groups: Group I (control group) received 0.9% saline intraperitoneally, Group II (SiO2-NPs exposed group) was intraperitoneally injected with SiO2-NPs at the concentration of 200 mg/kg body weight daily, Group III (SiO2-NPs + LP-Cur group) was treated with SiO2-NPs (200 mg/kg/day) followed by LP-Cur (80 mg/kg/day) orally, and Group IV (LP-Cur group) was orally administered with 80 mg/kg/day. All therapies were administered over a thirty-day period. Subsequently, the rodents underwent a behavioral, biochemical, histological, and immunohistochemical assessment. This study demonstrated that exposure to SiO2-NPs adversely affect memory and cognitive function. They significantly increased malondialdehyde (MDA) and decreased the reduced glutathione levels. Furthermore, SiO2-NPs significantly decreased the expression of AChE, Nrf-2, and SOD genes, while increasing the expression of caspase-3 and caspase-9 genes. Moreover, SiO2-NPs produced serious histological alterations including increased pericellular spaces vacuolation of the neuropil, vascular dilatation, neuronal degeneration and pyknosis. In addition to an intense caspase-3 and GFAP immunoreaction. However, administering LP-Cur alleviated the neurotoxic effects induced by SiO2-NPs through its potent antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and anti-apoptotic properties as the liposomal curcumin helps reduce oxidative stress, inhibit lipid peroxidation, and modulate inflammatory signaling pathways such as NF-κB and Nrf2. These effects collectively contribute to protecting cells and tissues from damage induced by SiO2-NPs. Consequently, liposomal curcumin represents a promising therapeutic strategy for preventing or mitigating the progression of oxidative stress–related diseases.