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<p>Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is characterized by insulin resistance and hyperglycemia. Adverse effects of synthetic antidiabetic drugs encourage interest in Ayurvedic alternatives. This study evaluated Diabepat Kadha, an Ayurvedic polyherbal formulation (HF), in streptozotocin (STZ) and nicotinamide (NA)-induced diabetic <i>Sprague Dawley</i> rats. T2DM was induced by 10% fructose solution for 14 days, followed by STZ (75&#xa0;mg/kg) + NA (110&#xa0;mg/kg) (STZ-NA) injection. Animals received 28-day treatments. Assessments included weekly glucose monitoring, oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT), serum insulin, creatinine, bleeding, clotting times, liver histopathology, skeletal muscle Glucose Transporter Type 4 (GLUT4 ) estimation, and gastric necropsy. STZ-NA significantly increased blood glucose (&gt; 250&#xa0;mg/dl) by day 4. HF (3 mL/kg), Metformin 200&#xa0;mg/kg (M 200), and combination of HF(3&#xa0;ml/kg) + Metformin 100&#xa0;mg/kg (HF + M100) significantly reduced fasting glucose, restored insulin levels with favorable changes in HOMA indices, indicating enhanced insulin sensitivity and significant upregulation of. GLUT4 expression. OGTT exhibited improved glucose clearance, especially with HF + M100, restoring normalized levels within 120&#xa0;min. Serum creatinine, bleeding, and clotting times remained unaltered. Diabetic controls showed marked hepato-cellular damage while treated groups exhibited near-normal hepatic architecture without gastric pathology. Diabepat Kadha demonstrated significant antidiabetic efficacy comparable to Metformin, with enhanced efficacy in combination. The formulation improved insulin sensitivity and glycemic control, primarily through upregulation of skeletal muscle GLUT4 expression by enhancement of insulin signaling and protection of hepatic architecture against STZ-induced injury as a result of synergy among various phytoconstituents in the formulation. Favorable safety profile further supports its therapeutic potential in T2DM management.</p>

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Investigation of the antidiabetic efficacy of Diabepat Kadha in type 2 diabetic Sprague-Dawley rats: modulation of GLUT4 expression as a molecular target

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年11月25日

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  • Mrinal Sanaye,
  • Vishakha Shelke,
  • Abhimanyu Patankar,
  • Savita Kulkarni

摘要

Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is characterized by insulin resistance and hyperglycemia. Adverse effects of synthetic antidiabetic drugs encourage interest in Ayurvedic alternatives. This study evaluated Diabepat Kadha, an Ayurvedic polyherbal formulation (HF), in streptozotocin (STZ) and nicotinamide (NA)-induced diabetic Sprague Dawley rats. T2DM was induced by 10% fructose solution for 14 days, followed by STZ (75 mg/kg) + NA (110 mg/kg) (STZ-NA) injection. Animals received 28-day treatments. Assessments included weekly glucose monitoring, oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT), serum insulin, creatinine, bleeding, clotting times, liver histopathology, skeletal muscle Glucose Transporter Type 4 (GLUT4 ) estimation, and gastric necropsy. STZ-NA significantly increased blood glucose (> 250 mg/dl) by day 4. HF (3 mL/kg), Metformin 200 mg/kg (M 200), and combination of HF(3 ml/kg) + Metformin 100 mg/kg (HF + M100) significantly reduced fasting glucose, restored insulin levels with favorable changes in HOMA indices, indicating enhanced insulin sensitivity and significant upregulation of. GLUT4 expression. OGTT exhibited improved glucose clearance, especially with HF + M100, restoring normalized levels within 120 min. Serum creatinine, bleeding, and clotting times remained unaltered. Diabetic controls showed marked hepato-cellular damage while treated groups exhibited near-normal hepatic architecture without gastric pathology. Diabepat Kadha demonstrated significant antidiabetic efficacy comparable to Metformin, with enhanced efficacy in combination. The formulation improved insulin sensitivity and glycemic control, primarily through upregulation of skeletal muscle GLUT4 expression by enhancement of insulin signaling and protection of hepatic architecture against STZ-induced injury as a result of synergy among various phytoconstituents in the formulation. Favorable safety profile further supports its therapeutic potential in T2DM management.