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<p>The objective of this study was to evaluate the potential protective effect of <i>N</i>-acetylcysteine (NAC) against kidney damage induced by titanium dioxide nanoparticles (TiO<sub>2</sub>NP) through biochemical, histological, and immunohistochemical analyses. Forty rats were randomly divided into four groups of 10 animals each. Saline was administered intragastrically to control group for 14 days. In NAC group, 150&#xa0;mg/kg NAC was injected intraperitoneally for 21 days. In TiO<sub>2</sub>NP group, TiO<sub>2</sub>NP at a dose of 50&#xa0;mg/kg/day, dissolved in saline, was administered intragastrically for 14 days. TiO<sub>2</sub>NP + NAC group received 50&#xa0;mg/kg/day TiO<sub>2</sub>NP for 14 days and 150&#xa0;mg/kg NAC for 21 days, starting 7 days before TiO<sub>2</sub>NP administration. At the end of experiment, rats were anesthetized, serum samples were collected for biochemical analysis, and kidney tissue was removed for histological and immunohistochemical analyses. There was no significant change in body weight, kidney weight, or serum urea-creatinine levels between the groups. TiO<sub>2</sub>NP caused a significant increase in vacuolization and brush border loss scores in tubular cells, as well as scores for congestion and leukocyte infiltration. However, NAC supplementation significantly ameliorated these impairments. Additionally, TiO<sub>2</sub>NP significantly increased NF-kB, TNF-α, and caspase-3 immunoreactivities, as well as the number of PCNA-positive and TUNEL-positive cells. NAC treatment decreased all immunoreactivities and TUNEL-positive cells, but did not change the number of PCNA-positive cells after TiO<sub>2</sub>NP exposure. The results of the study showed that the toxic effects of TiO<sub>2</sub>NP on the kidneys, commonly encountered in daily life, can be mitigated by the anti-inflammatory and anti-apoptotic properties of NAC.</p>

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Protective effects of N-acetylcysteine against titanium dioxide nanoparticles-induced kidney damage in rats

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年3月19日

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  • Cengiz Yuksel,
  • Yesim Hulya Uz

摘要

The objective of this study was to evaluate the potential protective effect of N-acetylcysteine (NAC) against kidney damage induced by titanium dioxide nanoparticles (TiO2NP) through biochemical, histological, and immunohistochemical analyses. Forty rats were randomly divided into four groups of 10 animals each. Saline was administered intragastrically to control group for 14 days. In NAC group, 150 mg/kg NAC was injected intraperitoneally for 21 days. In TiO2NP group, TiO2NP at a dose of 50 mg/kg/day, dissolved in saline, was administered intragastrically for 14 days. TiO2NP + NAC group received 50 mg/kg/day TiO2NP for 14 days and 150 mg/kg NAC for 21 days, starting 7 days before TiO2NP administration. At the end of experiment, rats were anesthetized, serum samples were collected for biochemical analysis, and kidney tissue was removed for histological and immunohistochemical analyses. There was no significant change in body weight, kidney weight, or serum urea-creatinine levels between the groups. TiO2NP caused a significant increase in vacuolization and brush border loss scores in tubular cells, as well as scores for congestion and leukocyte infiltration. However, NAC supplementation significantly ameliorated these impairments. Additionally, TiO2NP significantly increased NF-kB, TNF-α, and caspase-3 immunoreactivities, as well as the number of PCNA-positive and TUNEL-positive cells. NAC treatment decreased all immunoreactivities and TUNEL-positive cells, but did not change the number of PCNA-positive cells after TiO2NP exposure. The results of the study showed that the toxic effects of TiO2NP on the kidneys, commonly encountered in daily life, can be mitigated by the anti-inflammatory and anti-apoptotic properties of NAC.