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<p>Enhancing graduate employability is a central priority for universities worldwide, supported by many initiatives. Yet, there remains a lack of robust tools to assess students’ attainment of employability capital—information needed for institutions to tailor employability provision and for students to identify areas for development. This article addresses this gap by reporting the construction and validation of the Self-Perceived Employability Capital Attainment (SPECA) scale. Across three studies with 1,719 participants, the 20-item scale demonstrated strong psychometric quality. Content validity was established through a systematic review of relevant literature and consultations with career experts and students. Exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses supported the intended structure, with evidence of reliability, convergent and discriminant validity. We also conducted studies to examine SPECA scale’s nomological validity, and temporal stability. The article also outlines the scale’s theoretical and practical contributions, applications, limitations, and directions for future research.</p>

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Measuring students’ self-perceived employability capital attainment: the development and validation of a scale

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年3月17日

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  • Tran Le Huu Nghia,
  • Pham Lan Anh,
  • Nguyen Thi My Duyen

摘要

Enhancing graduate employability is a central priority for universities worldwide, supported by many initiatives. Yet, there remains a lack of robust tools to assess students’ attainment of employability capital—information needed for institutions to tailor employability provision and for students to identify areas for development. This article addresses this gap by reporting the construction and validation of the Self-Perceived Employability Capital Attainment (SPECA) scale. Across three studies with 1,719 participants, the 20-item scale demonstrated strong psychometric quality. Content validity was established through a systematic review of relevant literature and consultations with career experts and students. Exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses supported the intended structure, with evidence of reliability, convergent and discriminant validity. We also conducted studies to examine SPECA scale’s nomological validity, and temporal stability. The article also outlines the scale’s theoretical and practical contributions, applications, limitations, and directions for future research.