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<p>Seed vigor is a crucial agronomic trait that determines the storage longevity and germination quality of rice seeds. This trait is regulated by a complex molecular network. The physiological and transcriptomic differences of the rice variety Kasalath (WT) and its miR168a-silenced (MIM) and miR168a-overexpressed (OE) seeds were compared under conditions of unaged, ultra-dry storage (UDS) for 9 years, and artificial aging (AA) for 16 days. The results demonstrated the conditional regulatory effect of miR168a. Compared with artificial aging, the seed deterioration was less severe under UDS than under AA. Physiologically, upregulation of miR168a expression significantly enhanced the activities of superoxide dismutase, peroxidase, and catalase, effectively scavenging reactive oxygen species, and reducing the malondialdehyde accumulation and the relative electrical conductivity level, thereby alleviating membrane lipid peroxidation and delaying seed aging. Transcriptomic analysis revealed that the differentially expressed genes (DEGs) under the two aging conditions were functionally distinct but also interrelated. The DEGs in UDS seeds were mainly enriched in glutathione metabolism and stress response pathways, whereas those in AA seeds were associated with ROS responses and phytohormone transduction. Furthermore, the regulatory network indicates that miR168a might target hub genes, such as <i>OsATM</i>, <i>Os07g0489500</i>, and <i>OsRUBQ2</i>, and collaboratively regulate the conversion of pentoses and glucuronates, ubiquitination, hormone signaling, and ROS metabolism, thereby affecting the seed’s aging tolerance by influencing DNA repair, protein homeostasis, and oxidative stress responses. These findings identified miR168a as a key regulator that integrates multiple pathways to maintain seed vigor, providing theoretical insights and potential targets for improving the storability of crop seeds.</p>

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MiR168a mediates rice seed vigor under ultra-dry storage and artificial aging through antioxidant and hormonal pathways

  • 期刊论文

  • 出版模式：

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  • 发表日期：

    2026年5月13日

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  • Jianhong Tian,
  • Yan Wang,
  • Kerui Huang,
  • Ting Chen,
  • Ting Zhou,
  • Wenqi Han,
  • Xiaocheng Jiang

摘要

Seed vigor is a crucial agronomic trait that determines the storage longevity and germination quality of rice seeds. This trait is regulated by a complex molecular network. The physiological and transcriptomic differences of the rice variety Kasalath (WT) and its miR168a-silenced (MIM) and miR168a-overexpressed (OE) seeds were compared under conditions of unaged, ultra-dry storage (UDS) for 9 years, and artificial aging (AA) for 16 days. The results demonstrated the conditional regulatory effect of miR168a. Compared with artificial aging, the seed deterioration was less severe under UDS than under AA. Physiologically, upregulation of miR168a expression significantly enhanced the activities of superoxide dismutase, peroxidase, and catalase, effectively scavenging reactive oxygen species, and reducing the malondialdehyde accumulation and the relative electrical conductivity level, thereby alleviating membrane lipid peroxidation and delaying seed aging. Transcriptomic analysis revealed that the differentially expressed genes (DEGs) under the two aging conditions were functionally distinct but also interrelated. The DEGs in UDS seeds were mainly enriched in glutathione metabolism and stress response pathways, whereas those in AA seeds were associated with ROS responses and phytohormone transduction. Furthermore, the regulatory network indicates that miR168a might target hub genes, such as OsATM, Os07g0489500, and OsRUBQ2, and collaboratively regulate the conversion of pentoses and glucuronates, ubiquitination, hormone signaling, and ROS metabolism, thereby affecting the seed’s aging tolerance by influencing DNA repair, protein homeostasis, and oxidative stress responses. These findings identified miR168a as a key regulator that integrates multiple pathways to maintain seed vigor, providing theoretical insights and potential targets for improving the storability of crop seeds.