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<p>Drought stress is a significant abiotic constraint that severely hampers plant growth, development, and yield, posing a major challenge to global agricultural productivity, particularly in medicinal crops such as safflower (<i>Carthamus tinctorius</i> L.). In this study, we examined the physiological responses and transcriptomic profiles of two safflower varieties-BH (drought-resistant) and YN (drought-sensitive)-originating from distinct ecological regions. Phenotypic analysis demonstrated that BH exhibited markedly enhanced drought resistance compared to YN under drought conditions. This superior tolerance was associated with key physiological traits, including increased abscisic acid (ABA) levels, which play pivotal roles in stress-responsive signaling pathways; elevated proline accumulation to maintain cellular osmotic balance; and enhanced activities of antioxidant enzymes such as peroxidase (EC 1.11.1.6) and catalase (EC 1.11.1.7), which reduce oxidative damage. Furthermore, weighted gene co-expression network analysis (WGCNA) identified four key drought-responsive transcription factors (TFs)—one bHLH family member (<i>CtAH08G0160000</i>) and three AP2/ERF family members (<i>CtAH12G0191900, CtAH11G0217500, and CtAH09G0132800</i>). These TFs were differentially expressed between BH and YN, with significant upregulation observed in BH under drought stress. Collectively, our findings suggest that these transcription factors may play essential roles in regulating safflower drought tolerance, although their precise functions warrant further exploration. This study provides novel insights into the physiological and molecular mechanisms underlying drought resistance in safflower and underscores the utility of integrating physiological and transcriptomic approaches to enhance crop resilience against environmental stress.</p>

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ABA signal transduction and ROS metabolic balance play a key role in the drought resistance of safflower

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年1月5日

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  • Hongzhi Chen,
  • Linlin Song,
  • Haijia Zhou,
  • Tongtong Yao,
  • Zhe Zhang,
  • Hongjiao Zhang,
  • Li Meng,
  • Huihui Zhang

摘要

Drought stress is a significant abiotic constraint that severely hampers plant growth, development, and yield, posing a major challenge to global agricultural productivity, particularly in medicinal crops such as safflower (Carthamus tinctorius L.). In this study, we examined the physiological responses and transcriptomic profiles of two safflower varieties-BH (drought-resistant) and YN (drought-sensitive)-originating from distinct ecological regions. Phenotypic analysis demonstrated that BH exhibited markedly enhanced drought resistance compared to YN under drought conditions. This superior tolerance was associated with key physiological traits, including increased abscisic acid (ABA) levels, which play pivotal roles in stress-responsive signaling pathways; elevated proline accumulation to maintain cellular osmotic balance; and enhanced activities of antioxidant enzymes such as peroxidase (EC 1.11.1.6) and catalase (EC 1.11.1.7), which reduce oxidative damage. Furthermore, weighted gene co-expression network analysis (WGCNA) identified four key drought-responsive transcription factors (TFs)—one bHLH family member (CtAH08G0160000) and three AP2/ERF family members (CtAH12G0191900, CtAH11G0217500, and CtAH09G0132800). These TFs were differentially expressed between BH and YN, with significant upregulation observed in BH under drought stress. Collectively, our findings suggest that these transcription factors may play essential roles in regulating safflower drought tolerance, although their precise functions warrant further exploration. This study provides novel insights into the physiological and molecular mechanisms underlying drought resistance in safflower and underscores the utility of integrating physiological and transcriptomic approaches to enhance crop resilience against environmental stress.