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<p>Turmeric (<i>Curcuma longa</i> L.) is an economically important spice crop and a clonally propagated species widely regarded as triploid (2n = 3x = 63), exhibiting limited genetic recombination. However, the occurrence of viable seeds under certain conditions provides opportunities to explore genetic variability through sexual reproduction. The present study aimed to assess ploidy level variation among half-sib progenies of turmeric using flow cytometry. The population studied was comprised of 58 promising progenies, along with four parental lines and three checks, IISR Prathibha (2n = 3x = 63, internal reference standard), IISR Pragati and Suguna. The leaf samples were analyzed using propidium iodide staining and fluorescence-based DNA quantification using flow cytometric analysis (FCM). The FCM results showed coefficient of variation (CV) values ranging from 2.9 to 6.4%, thus&#xa0;indicating reliable measurements. All four parental lines possessed a tetraploid (4x) constitution, whereas the three checks were triploids (3x). In contrast, the progenies displayed a broad spectrum of ploidy levels, ranging from triploid (3x) to heptaploid (7x), with one triploid, 38 tetraploids, 20 pentaploids, two hexaploids, and one heptaploid identified among the progeny population. The findings demonstrated that sexual reproduction contributes to cytogenetic diversity in turmeric and highlights its potential for genetic improvement and breeding strategies. We also investigated whether differences in ploidy level (3x, 4x, 5x, 6x, and 7x) among turmeric seedling-derived progenies influence curcuminoid content (%). This suggests a negative association between higher chromosome dosage and curcuminoid accumulation.</p>

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Characterization of ploidy diversity in half-sib progenies of turmeric (Curcuma longa L.) through flow cytometry

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年6月25日

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  • A. Neeraja,
  • S. Aarthi,
  • S. Kalpana,
  • S. Mukesh Sankar,
  • V. Vinu,
  • K. M. Yuvaraj,
  • D. Prasath

摘要

Turmeric (Curcuma longa L.) is an economically important spice crop and a clonally propagated species widely regarded as triploid (2n = 3x = 63), exhibiting limited genetic recombination. However, the occurrence of viable seeds under certain conditions provides opportunities to explore genetic variability through sexual reproduction. The present study aimed to assess ploidy level variation among half-sib progenies of turmeric using flow cytometry. The population studied was comprised of 58 promising progenies, along with four parental lines and three checks, IISR Prathibha (2n = 3x = 63, internal reference standard), IISR Pragati and Suguna. The leaf samples were analyzed using propidium iodide staining and fluorescence-based DNA quantification using flow cytometric analysis (FCM). The FCM results showed coefficient of variation (CV) values ranging from 2.9 to 6.4%, thus indicating reliable measurements. All four parental lines possessed a tetraploid (4x) constitution, whereas the three checks were triploids (3x). In contrast, the progenies displayed a broad spectrum of ploidy levels, ranging from triploid (3x) to heptaploid (7x), with one triploid, 38 tetraploids, 20 pentaploids, two hexaploids, and one heptaploid identified among the progeny population. The findings demonstrated that sexual reproduction contributes to cytogenetic diversity in turmeric and highlights its potential for genetic improvement and breeding strategies. We also investigated whether differences in ploidy level (3x, 4x, 5x, 6x, and 7x) among turmeric seedling-derived progenies influence curcuminoid content (%). This suggests a negative association between higher chromosome dosage and curcuminoid accumulation.