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<p>Coriander (<i>Coriandrum sativum</i> L.) is an important spice crop with medicinal uses and considerable genetic variability that remains insufficiently characterized for breeding purposes. This study evaluated genetic diversity and agro-morphological variation among Iranian and foreign coriander germplasm using phenotypic traits and inter-simple sequence repeat (ISSR) markers. Twenty-two genotypes, including 18 Iranian landraces, two improved Iranian cultivars (<i>Pishgam</i> and <i>Pishro</i>), and two foreign accessions, were evaluated in pots over two consecutive years using a randomized complete block design (RCBD) with three replications. Fourteen agro-morphological traits were recorded, and genetic diversity was assessed using 12 ISSR primers. Combined analysis of variance revealed significant genotypic effects (<i>P</i> &lt; 0.01) for all measured traits. ISSR analysis detected 173 bands, of which 158 were polymorphic (91.46%). Stepwise regression identified four traits associated with seed-yield variation, with number of seeds per umbel accounting for the largest proportion of explained variation. Principal component analysis (PCA) indicated that the first two components explained 75% of the total phenotypic variance. Cluster analysis grouped genotypes into five clusters based on molecular data and three clusters based on agro-morphological traits. Several genotypes, including G11, G15, G9, G1, and G2, showed relatively favorable performance for yield-related and seed traits under the tested conditions. The results demonstrate substantial diversity within the evaluated germplasm and suggest the potential value of Iranian landraces as genetic resources for future coriander breeding and evaluation.</p>

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Agro-morphological variation and inter-simple sequence repeat (ISSR)-based genetic diversity in coriander (Coriandrum sativum L.) germplasm

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年6月2日

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  • Seyed Mohammad Mahdi Mortazavian,
  • Sara Zare,
  • Seyedeh Ebtesam Mousavi,
  • Mostafa Khodadadi

摘要

Coriander (Coriandrum sativum L.) is an important spice crop with medicinal uses and considerable genetic variability that remains insufficiently characterized for breeding purposes. This study evaluated genetic diversity and agro-morphological variation among Iranian and foreign coriander germplasm using phenotypic traits and inter-simple sequence repeat (ISSR) markers. Twenty-two genotypes, including 18 Iranian landraces, two improved Iranian cultivars (Pishgam and Pishro), and two foreign accessions, were evaluated in pots over two consecutive years using a randomized complete block design (RCBD) with three replications. Fourteen agro-morphological traits were recorded, and genetic diversity was assessed using 12 ISSR primers. Combined analysis of variance revealed significant genotypic effects (P < 0.01) for all measured traits. ISSR analysis detected 173 bands, of which 158 were polymorphic (91.46%). Stepwise regression identified four traits associated with seed-yield variation, with number of seeds per umbel accounting for the largest proportion of explained variation. Principal component analysis (PCA) indicated that the first two components explained 75% of the total phenotypic variance. Cluster analysis grouped genotypes into five clusters based on molecular data and three clusters based on agro-morphological traits. Several genotypes, including G11, G15, G9, G1, and G2, showed relatively favorable performance for yield-related and seed traits under the tested conditions. The results demonstrate substantial diversity within the evaluated germplasm and suggest the potential value of Iranian landraces as genetic resources for future coriander breeding and evaluation.