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<p>Plants play an essential role in human life, particularly as sources of food and medicines. The genus <i>Cynara</i> L. (Asteraceae), which includes the cultivated globe artichoke and cardoon, represents a notable example because its species are widely valued both as nutrient-rich vegetables and as reservoirs of bioactive metabolites. This review provides an integrated overview of <i>Cynara</i> by summarizing key aspects of distribution and botany, and by critically discussing the phytochemical diversity reported across the genus. The major classes of natural compounds highlighted include caffeoylquinic acid derivatives, flavonoids, sesquiterpenoids, saponins, lignans, sterols, and triterpenoids. In parallel, we synthesize available evidence on pharmacological activities associated with isolated constituents, with emphasis on antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial, antihyperlipidemic, antifibrotic, acetylcholinesterase inhibitory, cytotoxic/chemopreventive, phytotoxic, and antimutagenic effects. By linking chemical profiles with reported bioactivities, this review aims to identify promising compound groups, clarify current limitations in comparability of investigations, and outline perspectives for future research toward the sustainable valorization and health-related applications of <i>Cynara</i> natural products.</p> Graphical abstract <p></p>

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The genus Cynara: the potential of valuable natural compounds—insights from phytochemistry and pharmacological activities

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年3月24日

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  • Pham Van Huyen,
  • Tran Thi Ngoc Hanh,
  • Nguyen Thi Thu Hien,
  • Tran Kim Diep,
  • Phan Nha Hoa,
  • Nguyen Huu Huong Duyen,
  • Nguyen Huu Toan Phan

摘要

Plants play an essential role in human life, particularly as sources of food and medicines. The genus Cynara L. (Asteraceae), which includes the cultivated globe artichoke and cardoon, represents a notable example because its species are widely valued both as nutrient-rich vegetables and as reservoirs of bioactive metabolites. This review provides an integrated overview of Cynara by summarizing key aspects of distribution and botany, and by critically discussing the phytochemical diversity reported across the genus. The major classes of natural compounds highlighted include caffeoylquinic acid derivatives, flavonoids, sesquiterpenoids, saponins, lignans, sterols, and triterpenoids. In parallel, we synthesize available evidence on pharmacological activities associated with isolated constituents, with emphasis on antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial, antihyperlipidemic, antifibrotic, acetylcholinesterase inhibitory, cytotoxic/chemopreventive, phytotoxic, and antimutagenic effects. By linking chemical profiles with reported bioactivities, this review aims to identify promising compound groups, clarify current limitations in comparability of investigations, and outline perspectives for future research toward the sustainable valorization and health-related applications of Cynara natural products.

Graphical abstract