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<p>Ginkgo (<i>Ginkgo biloba</i> L.), a unique gymnosperm with significant medicinal, edible, and ornamental value, has been underutilised in breeding programs due to limited understanding of its genetic diversity. This study evaluated 202 ginkgo germplasms using two physiological traits (flavonoid and soluble sugar content) and 10 start codon targeted (SCoT) markers to assess genetic diversity and construct a core germplasm collection. Flavonoid content showed marked variation and a significant negative correlation with soluble sugar content (<i>P</i> &lt; 0.01). The SCoT markers revealed moderate genetic diversity, with an average Shannon’s diversity index (I = 0.452), expected heterozygosity (He = 0.298), and polymorphism information content (PIC = 0.357). Population structure, neighbour-joining phylogeny, and principal coordinates analyses clustered the germplasms into two major groups, reflecting geographical origins. A core collection of 64 accessions (31.68% of the total) was established, integrating 52 selected for physiological traits and 19 for genetic diversity, with seven overlapping. Genetic and phenotypic evaluations, including variance difference, coincidence rate, and coefficient of variation, confirmed that the core collection effectively represents the original population’s diversity. This core germplasm provides a robust foundation for conservation, breeding, and sustainable utilisation of ginkgo resources.</p>

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Construction of the core germplasm of ginkgo (Ginkgo biloba L.) using physiological traits and start codon targeted (SCoT) markers

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年12月11日

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  • Qi Zhou,
  • Yongcuo Zhuoma,
  • Gaiping Wang,
  • Fangfang Fu,
  • Guibin Wang,
  • Fuliang Cao,
  • Xiaoming Yang

摘要

Ginkgo (Ginkgo biloba L.), a unique gymnosperm with significant medicinal, edible, and ornamental value, has been underutilised in breeding programs due to limited understanding of its genetic diversity. This study evaluated 202 ginkgo germplasms using two physiological traits (flavonoid and soluble sugar content) and 10 start codon targeted (SCoT) markers to assess genetic diversity and construct a core germplasm collection. Flavonoid content showed marked variation and a significant negative correlation with soluble sugar content (P < 0.01). The SCoT markers revealed moderate genetic diversity, with an average Shannon’s diversity index (I = 0.452), expected heterozygosity (He = 0.298), and polymorphism information content (PIC = 0.357). Population structure, neighbour-joining phylogeny, and principal coordinates analyses clustered the germplasms into two major groups, reflecting geographical origins. A core collection of 64 accessions (31.68% of the total) was established, integrating 52 selected for physiological traits and 19 for genetic diversity, with seven overlapping. Genetic and phenotypic evaluations, including variance difference, coincidence rate, and coefficient of variation, confirmed that the core collection effectively represents the original population’s diversity. This core germplasm provides a robust foundation for conservation, breeding, and sustainable utilisation of ginkgo resources.