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<p>Putrescine (PUT), the initial byproduct of the polyamine biosynthesis pathway, plays multiple roles in plant growth, development, and defense against osmotic and environmental stress. However, how these PUT biosynthesis genes are expressed and function under pesticide stress remains unclear. In this study, four PUT synthesis genes—one arginase (ARG), one arginine decarboxylase (ADC), and two ornithine decarboxylase (ODC) genes—were identified in the rice genome based on transcriptomic datasets from rice treated with bentazone (BNTZ) and PUT. This enabled the investigation of the properties and roles of PUT biosynthesis genes under pesticide stress. Sequence alignment and phylogenetic analysis revealed that the PUT synthesis gene family comprises three subfamilies—ARG, ADC, and ODC—in rice, <i>Arabidopsis</i>, soybean, wheat, and barley. Furthermore, the four rice PUT genes showed collinearity with homologs in soybean, wheat, and barley. In silico subcellular localization prediction suggested that OsARG, OsADC and OsODC&#xa0;proteins are distributed across various cellular compartments, including the nucleus and chloroplasts. These genes are potentially involved in biotic and abiotic stress responses because of their diverse gene architectures, cis-regulatory elements, motif compositions, and conserved domains. RT-qPCR analysis confirmed that Os04g0106300 (OsARG), Os04g0107600 (OsADC), Os02g0482400, and Os09g0543400 (OsODCs) were preferentially expressed under pesticide stress. Compared with BNTZ treatment, the expression levels of <i>OsARG</i>, <i>OsADC</i>, and <i>OsODC</i>s in roots and shoots increased substantially with exogenous application of 150&#xa0;mg/L PUT and 1.8&#xa0;mg/L BNTZ. Protein–protein interaction network analysis further supported the involvement of OsARG, OsADC and OsODC&#xa0;proteins in BNTZ metabolism. Hence, this study enhanced our understanding of the physiological and molecular mechanisms underlying PUT synthesis in rice under pesticides stress and provided a foundation for future research into the role of OsARG, OsADC, and OsODC in regulating BNTZ metabolism and detoxification.</p>

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Identification, characterization, and expression profiling of putrescine synthesis genes associated with bentazone metabolism in Oryza sativa

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年8月16日

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  • Li Qing Zeng,
  • Nian Hua Teng,
  • Ying Yu Zeng,
  • Zhi Jiang He,
  • Yi Zhuo Wang,
  • Zhi Zhong Zhou,
  • Xiao Liang Liu,
  • Xi Ran Cheng,
  • Zhao Jie Chen

摘要

Putrescine (PUT), the initial byproduct of the polyamine biosynthesis pathway, plays multiple roles in plant growth, development, and defense against osmotic and environmental stress. However, how these PUT biosynthesis genes are expressed and function under pesticide stress remains unclear. In this study, four PUT synthesis genes—one arginase (ARG), one arginine decarboxylase (ADC), and two ornithine decarboxylase (ODC) genes—were identified in the rice genome based on transcriptomic datasets from rice treated with bentazone (BNTZ) and PUT. This enabled the investigation of the properties and roles of PUT biosynthesis genes under pesticide stress. Sequence alignment and phylogenetic analysis revealed that the PUT synthesis gene family comprises three subfamilies—ARG, ADC, and ODC—in rice, Arabidopsis, soybean, wheat, and barley. Furthermore, the four rice PUT genes showed collinearity with homologs in soybean, wheat, and barley. In silico subcellular localization prediction suggested that OsARG, OsADC and OsODC proteins are distributed across various cellular compartments, including the nucleus and chloroplasts. These genes are potentially involved in biotic and abiotic stress responses because of their diverse gene architectures, cis-regulatory elements, motif compositions, and conserved domains. RT-qPCR analysis confirmed that Os04g0106300 (OsARG), Os04g0107600 (OsADC), Os02g0482400, and Os09g0543400 (OsODCs) were preferentially expressed under pesticide stress. Compared with BNTZ treatment, the expression levels of OsARG, OsADC, and OsODCs in roots and shoots increased substantially with exogenous application of 150 mg/L PUT and 1.8 mg/L BNTZ. Protein–protein interaction network analysis further supported the involvement of OsARG, OsADC and OsODC proteins in BNTZ metabolism. Hence, this study enhanced our understanding of the physiological and molecular mechanisms underlying PUT synthesis in rice under pesticides stress and provided a foundation for future research into the role of OsARG, OsADC, and OsODC in regulating BNTZ metabolism and detoxification.