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<p><i>Croton</i> L. (Euphorbiaceae) species exhibited both ornamental and pharmacological values. However, genomic data, including nuclear, mitochondrial, and chloroplast genomes (cpDNA) of <i>Croton</i> taxa, are limited. Therefore, in this study, we sequenced and characterized the complete cpDNA of <i>Croton kongensis</i>, collected in Vietnam, using the Illumina sequencing platform. This cpDNA was 170,323&#xa0;bp in length and had a quadripartite structure, which included a large-single copy of 93,872&#xa0;bp, a small-single copy of 18,191&#xa0;bp, and two inverted repeat regions of 29,130&#xa0;bp. Comparative genome analysis revealed an incomplete duplication of <i>psaI</i> gene among nine individuals of six <i>Croton</i> species. Additionally, three types of cpDNA were proposed based on structural variation, which resulted in different junctions among the large-single copy, small-single copy, and inverted repeat regions. Phylogenetic analysis demonstrated the monophyly of <i>Croton</i> species; however, the phylogenetic relationship between <i>C. kongensis</i> and related species needs further investigation. The results of this study added new insights into the structural variation of <i>Croton</i> cpDNAs and provided initial information for further genomic analyses examining molecular markers, elucidating the evolutionay history, and discovering speciation within <i>Croton</i> taxa and other Euphorbiaceae species.</p>

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Characterization of structural variation in the complete chloroplast genomes of Croton L. (Crotonoideae, Euphorbiaceae)

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年7月29日

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  • Nhat Nam Nguyen,
  • Hoang Dang Khoa Do

摘要

Croton L. (Euphorbiaceae) species exhibited both ornamental and pharmacological values. However, genomic data, including nuclear, mitochondrial, and chloroplast genomes (cpDNA) of Croton taxa, are limited. Therefore, in this study, we sequenced and characterized the complete cpDNA of Croton kongensis, collected in Vietnam, using the Illumina sequencing platform. This cpDNA was 170,323 bp in length and had a quadripartite structure, which included a large-single copy of 93,872 bp, a small-single copy of 18,191 bp, and two inverted repeat regions of 29,130 bp. Comparative genome analysis revealed an incomplete duplication of psaI gene among nine individuals of six Croton species. Additionally, three types of cpDNA were proposed based on structural variation, which resulted in different junctions among the large-single copy, small-single copy, and inverted repeat regions. Phylogenetic analysis demonstrated the monophyly of Croton species; however, the phylogenetic relationship between C. kongensis and related species needs further investigation. The results of this study added new insights into the structural variation of Croton cpDNAs and provided initial information for further genomic analyses examining molecular markers, elucidating the evolutionay history, and discovering speciation within Croton taxa and other Euphorbiaceae species.