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<p>The physical features of nutlets, such as their shape, color, size,&#xa0;and structure, are referred to as seed morphology. These traits can change significantly between various species of plant and can reveal crucial details about the life cycle, ecological needs, and evolutionary background of the plant. To examine the micromorphological characteristics of seeds, 11 <i>Nepeta</i> species were gathered. A stereomicroscope is used to observed seed color, shape, and texture. Scanning&#xa0;electron microscopy&#xa0;(SEM) was used to determine the seed micromorphology and ultrastructural&#xa0;pattern. These ultrastructural patterns&#xa0;are very helpful in plants classification, evolution, phylogeny&#xa0;and ecology within the species of same genus. Nine types of seed shapes were observed in the present study, in which elliptic and oblong seed shapes are dominant. Eight types of surface sculpturing were observed in the analyzed <i>Nepeta</i> taxa that are taxonomically very significant. These surface sculptures are negative reticulate, rugulate, smooth reticulate, reticulate, verrucate and pitted, gemmate, verrucate and gemmate and striate. The seed textures are mostly rough, smooth, smooth and shiny. The seeds ranged in size from 0.16&#xa0;mm <i>N. cataria</i> to 2.5&#xa0;mm <i>Nepeta distans</i> in length and from 0.16&#xa0;mm (<i>N. cataria</i>) to 1.5&#xa0;mm (<i>Nepeta&#xa0;connata, Nepeta distans, Nepeta&#xa0;graciliflora)</i> in width. A principal component analysis allowed to highlight the most outsiders among seed micromorphology with a possible explanation. Taxonomic keys were developed based on micromorphological characters to delimit the species and useful for their quick identification within the studied plants.</p>

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Nutlet micromorphology and systematic implications of genus Nepeta (Lamiaceae): correct taxonomic tool for taxa identifications

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年7月8日

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  • Shaista Jabeen,
  • Mushtaq Ahmad,
  • Muhammad Zafar,
  • Shabir Ahmad,
  • Hussain Shah,
  • Ateef Ullah,
  • Syed Waseem Gillani,
  • Muhammad Manzoor,
  • Ashraf M. M. Abdelbacki,
  • Ali M. Sayed

摘要

The physical features of nutlets, such as their shape, color, size, and structure, are referred to as seed morphology. These traits can change significantly between various species of plant and can reveal crucial details about the life cycle, ecological needs, and evolutionary background of the plant. To examine the micromorphological characteristics of seeds, 11 Nepeta species were gathered. A stereomicroscope is used to observed seed color, shape, and texture. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) was used to determine the seed micromorphology and ultrastructural pattern. These ultrastructural patterns are very helpful in plants classification, evolution, phylogeny and ecology within the species of same genus. Nine types of seed shapes were observed in the present study, in which elliptic and oblong seed shapes are dominant. Eight types of surface sculpturing were observed in the analyzed Nepeta taxa that are taxonomically very significant. These surface sculptures are negative reticulate, rugulate, smooth reticulate, reticulate, verrucate and pitted, gemmate, verrucate and gemmate and striate. The seed textures are mostly rough, smooth, smooth and shiny. The seeds ranged in size from 0.16 mm N. cataria to 2.5 mm Nepeta distans in length and from 0.16 mm (N. cataria) to 1.5 mm (Nepeta connata, Nepeta distans, Nepeta graciliflora) in width. A principal component analysis allowed to highlight the most outsiders among seed micromorphology with a possible explanation. Taxonomic keys were developed based on micromorphological characters to delimit the species and useful for their quick identification within the studied plants.