Pimpinella candolleana Wight & Arn. (Apiaceae): a promising wild edible herb with potential medicinal properties from Northeast India
摘要
Pimpinella candolleana Wight & Arn. (Apiaceae), locally known as Mansang or Huikhong in Manipur, is a species within a taxonomically complex group under the genus and is documented here for the first time for its distributional record from Manipur, Northeast India. The species has been identified based on comprehensive morphological and anatomical research coupled with ITS2 DNA barcoding. This study resolves the longstanding taxonomic misidentification of the species, previously erroneously reported as Viola canescens Wall., Viola pilosa Blume or Viola serpens Wall ex Ging (Violaceae) in the majority of the publications from Manipur (India). Misidentification of the plant mainly occurs due to the striking similarity in vegetative characteristics, coupled with the oversight of distinctive floral features. The plant is traditionally used as a wild edible herb for culinary purposes as well as for medicinal practices. It is reported to have notable bioactive phytochemicals like 1–(4–hydroxyphenyl)–1,2–ethanediol, 1–hydroxy–2,3,5–trimethoxyxathone, ursolic acid, erythritol, daucosterol, luteolin, stigmasta–5,22–dien–3β–ol acetate, isovitexin and β–sitosterol. These phytochemicals are reported to have strong antioxidant, anti-carcinogenic, anti-inflammatory, antirheumatic, and antiviral activities underscoring their potential in functional foods and pharmaceutical development. Other relevant data on distribution within the state with their corresponding elevation and coordinates, ecology, and species diversity of the genus are incorporated. To balance species utilization with conservation, a sustainable cultivation and harvesting protocol has been developed, prioritizing ecological preservation. These insights highlight the socio-economic and therapeutic relevance of the plant while advocating urgent research and conservation strategies to mitigate threats from habitat degradation and unsustainable exploitation.