Genetic diversity and population structure among three Retama species in Morocco using inter-simple sequence repeats (ISSR), repetitive extragenic palindromic (REP), and ITS markers
摘要
The genus Retama (R’tem), a Mediterranean legume, is valued for its ecological roles in soil stabilization and medicinal properties. This study evaluates the genetic diversity and population structure among R. dasycarpa, R. monosperma, and R. sphaerocarpa using inter-simple sequence repeats (ISSR), repetitive extragenic palindromic (REP-PCR), and internal transcribed spacer (ITS) markers. The ISSR and REP-PCR analyses revealed 179 and 58 bands respectively, of which 100% were polymorphic, with polymorphic information content values of 0.50 and 0.44, highlighting the effectiveness of these markers in detecting genetic polymorphism. Phylogenetic analysis of ITS sequences revealed a close genetic relationship between R. dasycarpa and R. monosperma, while R. sphaerocarpa was genetically distinct. Cluster analysis and PCoA grouped the samples into three genetic clusters, consistent with their population structure. These findings provide valuable insights into the genetic variability and evolutionary relationships within the Retama genus. These results will serve as the foundation for effective conservation strategies and ecological restoration efforts by determining resilient populations, supporting genetic resource management, and promoting the sustainable utilization of these ecologically and medicinally significant species for future pharmacological research.