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<p><i>Vachelia nilotica</i> (L.) P. J. H. (<i>Acacia nilotica</i> (L.) Willd. ex Delile) ss a multi-purpose, fast-growing agroforestry species used by rural populations in livestock feed, construction, traditional pharmacopoeia, crafts, and as a source of fuel. We carried out a study on this species with the aim of characterizing its genetic variation in the Sudano-Sahelian zone of Cameroon and to guide future reforestation programs necessary in this zone which continues to lose cultivable areas due to the advance of the desert. Half-sib families from 20 trees were collected from 12 provenances and grown in the nursery for three months. At this age, morphological variables were measured from the young plants. Subsequently, five families were randomly selected for each provenance and used for analysis of genetic variation using microsatellite markers already tested on several related species belonging to the <i>Acacia</i> genus. Molecular data revealed that the samples were predominantly polyploid and thus the estimation of genetic diversity required the development of a binary matrix (0/1) indicating the presence or absence of each fragment. The results revealed 49 fragments for the 10 nuclear microsatellites (nSSRs) and two haplotypes for the one polymorphic chloroplast SSR (cpSSR). The characterization of the samples using cpSSRs and nSSRs highlighted two distinct genetic clusters with different ploidy levels and complete reproductive isolation, which suggested that they could be two different varieties. Several levels of ploidy (from diploid to hexaploid) were observed. At the level of morphological performance, there was no general trend in favor of polyploids for traits. For most morphological traits, no significant differences were observed between the two genetic clusters.</p>

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Evidence of two genetic varieties of Vachellia nilotica (L.) P. J. H. in the Sudano-Sahelian zone of Cameroon

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年7月24日

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  • Isaac Theophile Ndjepel Yetnason,
  • Oliver Gailing,
  • Markus Mueller,
  • Dorothy Tchapda Tchatchoua,
  • John E. Carlson

摘要

Vachelia nilotica (L.) P. J. H. (Acacia nilotica (L.) Willd. ex Delile) ss a multi-purpose, fast-growing agroforestry species used by rural populations in livestock feed, construction, traditional pharmacopoeia, crafts, and as a source of fuel. We carried out a study on this species with the aim of characterizing its genetic variation in the Sudano-Sahelian zone of Cameroon and to guide future reforestation programs necessary in this zone which continues to lose cultivable areas due to the advance of the desert. Half-sib families from 20 trees were collected from 12 provenances and grown in the nursery for three months. At this age, morphological variables were measured from the young plants. Subsequently, five families were randomly selected for each provenance and used for analysis of genetic variation using microsatellite markers already tested on several related species belonging to the Acacia genus. Molecular data revealed that the samples were predominantly polyploid and thus the estimation of genetic diversity required the development of a binary matrix (0/1) indicating the presence or absence of each fragment. The results revealed 49 fragments for the 10 nuclear microsatellites (nSSRs) and two haplotypes for the one polymorphic chloroplast SSR (cpSSR). The characterization of the samples using cpSSRs and nSSRs highlighted two distinct genetic clusters with different ploidy levels and complete reproductive isolation, which suggested that they could be two different varieties. Several levels of ploidy (from diploid to hexaploid) were observed. At the level of morphological performance, there was no general trend in favor of polyploids for traits. For most morphological traits, no significant differences were observed between the two genetic clusters.