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<p>Ethiopia is a center of diversity and one of the top nine agro-ecological regions including for faba bean growth, exhibiting high genetic diversity. This diversity presents an opportunity for crop improvement. However, the farmer-named landraces and their molecular variation have not been well studied. Therefore, the objective of this study was to analyze the genetic diversity of farmers’ faba bean cultivars in different agro-ecologies (SM3: tepid sub-moist mid-highlands and SM4: wet sub-moist mid-highlands) of the North-East Amhara National Regional State, Ethiopia, using surveys and Inter-Simple Sequence Repeat (ISSR) genetic markers. A total of 168 informants were interviewed for the survey, and the results showed an abundance of faba bean cultivars across the two agro-ecologies. Faba bean cultivars exhibited a highly significant correlation with the agro-ecology in which they were grown (<i>p</i> = 4.143e-08). The analysis indicated that faba bean production depended on the administrative zones (<i>p</i> = 0.01688). The collections for the strata were considered populations to analyze genetic variation through ISSR markers. Six cultivars were used in the study, among which four were local, while the other two were released as high-yielding (Mert bakela) and water-logging resistant (Yeweha bakela). Six plants from each of the four populations were analyzed using nine ISSR primers, which amplified 113 loci, of which 112 were polymorphic. Primers 812, 854, and 881 each produced 15 loci, resulting in a total of 168 bands. Primer 812 had the highest resolving power (7.32), primer 854 had the highest band informativeness (0.49), and primer 881 had the highest polymorphic information content (0.95). Population 2, corresponding to the SM3-South Wollo stratum, showed the highest spatial diversity (4.615385) and Shannon-Weiner diversity (1.364). Five out of six faba bean cultivars were found in Population 2, three of which were unique. Notably, the most abundant local faba bean cultivars, Yehabesha and Yeferenje bakela, exhibited higher genetic diversity. Yehabesha bakela displayed unique traits, including a wider range of disease resistance compared to the other prevalent released cultivar, Yeweha bakela (<i>p</i> = 0.01828). Hence, the presence of these unique features warrants further screening for future faba bean breeding in Ethiopia and, more broadly, around the world.</p>

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Exploring genetic potential of Ethiopian faba bean (Vicia faba L.) genotypes as sources to be used for future breeding

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年6月4日

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  • Tsinat Legesse,
  • Asmare Dejene,
  • Tileye Feyissa,
  • Metadel Adane,
  • Baye Akele,
  • Faris Hailu

摘要

Ethiopia is a center of diversity and one of the top nine agro-ecological regions including for faba bean growth, exhibiting high genetic diversity. This diversity presents an opportunity for crop improvement. However, the farmer-named landraces and their molecular variation have not been well studied. Therefore, the objective of this study was to analyze the genetic diversity of farmers’ faba bean cultivars in different agro-ecologies (SM3: tepid sub-moist mid-highlands and SM4: wet sub-moist mid-highlands) of the North-East Amhara National Regional State, Ethiopia, using surveys and Inter-Simple Sequence Repeat (ISSR) genetic markers. A total of 168 informants were interviewed for the survey, and the results showed an abundance of faba bean cultivars across the two agro-ecologies. Faba bean cultivars exhibited a highly significant correlation with the agro-ecology in which they were grown (p = 4.143e-08). The analysis indicated that faba bean production depended on the administrative zones (p = 0.01688). The collections for the strata were considered populations to analyze genetic variation through ISSR markers. Six cultivars were used in the study, among which four were local, while the other two were released as high-yielding (Mert bakela) and water-logging resistant (Yeweha bakela). Six plants from each of the four populations were analyzed using nine ISSR primers, which amplified 113 loci, of which 112 were polymorphic. Primers 812, 854, and 881 each produced 15 loci, resulting in a total of 168 bands. Primer 812 had the highest resolving power (7.32), primer 854 had the highest band informativeness (0.49), and primer 881 had the highest polymorphic information content (0.95). Population 2, corresponding to the SM3-South Wollo stratum, showed the highest spatial diversity (4.615385) and Shannon-Weiner diversity (1.364). Five out of six faba bean cultivars were found in Population 2, three of which were unique. Notably, the most abundant local faba bean cultivars, Yehabesha and Yeferenje bakela, exhibited higher genetic diversity. Yehabesha bakela displayed unique traits, including a wider range of disease resistance compared to the other prevalent released cultivar, Yeweha bakela (p = 0.01828). Hence, the presence of these unique features warrants further screening for future faba bean breeding in Ethiopia and, more broadly, around the world.