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<p>Investigating the genetic diversity and relationships within plant germplasm is a crucial first step in their utilization in breeding programs. An experiment was conducted to evaluate the diversity, differentiation, and genetic relationships of <i>Pyrus glabra</i> Boiss. and <i>P. syriaca</i> Boiss. species in the southern Zagros region of Iran. For this purpose, 60 genotypes (30 per species) were screened in their natural habitats based on morphological traits and&#xa0;inter simple sequence repeat (ISSR) molecular markers. Results showed that the highest coefficient of variation was observed for fruit weight (94.12&#xa0;g), TSS (90.37°Brix), length-to-diameter ratio of fruit (82.30), TSS/TA ratio (74.82) and max diameter of fruit (70.28&#xa0;mm), indicating that these attributes can effectively differentiate among genotypes. The ISSR primers produced 92 bands, 62 of which were polymorphic. ISSR loci differed in their discrimination based on polymorphic information content (PIC), resolution power (Rp) effective multiplex ratios (EMR) and marker index (MI), among them the ISSR12 and ISSR1 were superior to others in almost all of estimated parameters. The analysis of molecular variance among the species showed that inter-specific (51%) diversity was higher than that of intra-specific (41%). <i>P. glabra</i> exhibited higher genetic diversity compared to <i>P. syriaca</i> based on Nie’s gene diversity index (0.755 compared to 0.281, respectively) and Shannon’s information index (0.365 compared to 0.168, respectively). Despite some minor differences, the grouping based on the molecular data, and analysis of population structure were quite similar to those of morphological clustering, reflecting inter-specific and intra-specific morphological differences as well as geographic proximity. The combined approach of morphological characterization and molecular marker genotyping effectively elucidate genetic diversity and phylogenetic relationships among two wild studied pear species (<i>P. glabra</i> and <i>P. syriaca</i>) and their potential natural hybrids.</p>

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Genetic diversity and population structure of wild pear (Pyrus L.) using morphological and dominant molecular markers

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年5月14日

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  • Parisa Parvin,
  • Ali Gharaghani,
  • Jun Wu,
  • Habib Hosseini

摘要

Investigating the genetic diversity and relationships within plant germplasm is a crucial first step in their utilization in breeding programs. An experiment was conducted to evaluate the diversity, differentiation, and genetic relationships of Pyrus glabra Boiss. and P. syriaca Boiss. species in the southern Zagros region of Iran. For this purpose, 60 genotypes (30 per species) were screened in their natural habitats based on morphological traits and inter simple sequence repeat (ISSR) molecular markers. Results showed that the highest coefficient of variation was observed for fruit weight (94.12 g), TSS (90.37°Brix), length-to-diameter ratio of fruit (82.30), TSS/TA ratio (74.82) and max diameter of fruit (70.28 mm), indicating that these attributes can effectively differentiate among genotypes. The ISSR primers produced 92 bands, 62 of which were polymorphic. ISSR loci differed in their discrimination based on polymorphic information content (PIC), resolution power (Rp) effective multiplex ratios (EMR) and marker index (MI), among them the ISSR12 and ISSR1 were superior to others in almost all of estimated parameters. The analysis of molecular variance among the species showed that inter-specific (51%) diversity was higher than that of intra-specific (41%). P. glabra exhibited higher genetic diversity compared to P. syriaca based on Nie’s gene diversity index (0.755 compared to 0.281, respectively) and Shannon’s information index (0.365 compared to 0.168, respectively). Despite some minor differences, the grouping based on the molecular data, and analysis of population structure were quite similar to those of morphological clustering, reflecting inter-specific and intra-specific morphological differences as well as geographic proximity. The combined approach of morphological characterization and molecular marker genotyping effectively elucidate genetic diversity and phylogenetic relationships among two wild studied pear species (P. glabra and P. syriaca) and their potential natural hybrids.