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<p>The considerable influence of the randomness of mating between the parents on the genetic quality of their progeny in the seed orchard of <i>Castanopsis hystrix</i>, an economically and ecologically valuable hardwood species in southern China, was observed. However, the effects of the mother trees and their origins on growth performance and adaptation of the progeny after the open pollination between seed trees of different origins in the same seed orchard remain to be evaluated. In this study, genetic variability and stability for key growth traits including diameter at breast height (DBH), tree height (H), crown width at east–west (WE) and crown width, (SN) at north–south directions, and individual tree volume (V) of <i>C. hystrix</i> were investigated at the provenance and family levels in three tested plantations consisting of open-pollinated progenies (OP) of 33 families collected from 5 provenances in the 1st generation seed orchard of <i>C. hystrix</i>. No significant provenance variation for the studied traits was obtained across the three locations, with the variance components being close to zero. Similarly, the interaction effect of provenances and locations on traits was not significant. In contrast, growth performance between different families showed significant differences, with a significant interaction between families and sites. The results of correlation analysis showed the close relationships between the growth characteristics of the family and environmental variables of both the experimental sites and the sites of origin. These findings indicated that a frequent gene (pollen) exchange existed between different seed trees in the studied seed orchard could mask the genetic differentiation between the original sites to a certain extent. At the same time, a significant genetic contribution of the maternal parent to the growth and ecological adaptation of the progeny was recorded. Apart from the adequate pollen flow of the seed orchard of&#xa0;<i>C. hystrix</i>,&#xa0;these results demonstrate that the progeny could better reflect the genetic efficiency of the seed orchard. Therefore, our findings emphasize that the application of the pollen isolation method during the breeding process of <i>C. hystrix</i>, particularly the advanced-generation breeding, to prevent increases in genetic relatedness among different breeding materials caused by pollen contamination, is of great importance. Furthermore, our study provides valuable insights into the utilization of genetic resources of <i>C. hystrix</i> for its breeding and the breeding process of other related tree species.</p>

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The contribution of open pollination between seed trees to the maternally inherited adaptation and growth of progeny in the first-generation seed orchard of Castanopsis hystrix

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年5月13日

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  • Le Kong,
  • Zhangqiang Tan,
  • Lijin Chen,
  • Wenhui Shen,
  • Jiang He,
  • Lifen Chen,
  • Lihui Deng,
  • Tiandao Bai,
  • Weichao Teng

摘要

The considerable influence of the randomness of mating between the parents on the genetic quality of their progeny in the seed orchard of Castanopsis hystrix, an economically and ecologically valuable hardwood species in southern China, was observed. However, the effects of the mother trees and their origins on growth performance and adaptation of the progeny after the open pollination between seed trees of different origins in the same seed orchard remain to be evaluated. In this study, genetic variability and stability for key growth traits including diameter at breast height (DBH), tree height (H), crown width at east–west (WE) and crown width, (SN) at north–south directions, and individual tree volume (V) of C. hystrix were investigated at the provenance and family levels in three tested plantations consisting of open-pollinated progenies (OP) of 33 families collected from 5 provenances in the 1st generation seed orchard of C. hystrix. No significant provenance variation for the studied traits was obtained across the three locations, with the variance components being close to zero. Similarly, the interaction effect of provenances and locations on traits was not significant. In contrast, growth performance between different families showed significant differences, with a significant interaction between families and sites. The results of correlation analysis showed the close relationships between the growth characteristics of the family and environmental variables of both the experimental sites and the sites of origin. These findings indicated that a frequent gene (pollen) exchange existed between different seed trees in the studied seed orchard could mask the genetic differentiation between the original sites to a certain extent. At the same time, a significant genetic contribution of the maternal parent to the growth and ecological adaptation of the progeny was recorded. Apart from the adequate pollen flow of the seed orchard of C. hystrix, these results demonstrate that the progeny could better reflect the genetic efficiency of the seed orchard. Therefore, our findings emphasize that the application of the pollen isolation method during the breeding process of C. hystrix, particularly the advanced-generation breeding, to prevent increases in genetic relatedness among different breeding materials caused by pollen contamination, is of great importance. Furthermore, our study provides valuable insights into the utilization of genetic resources of C. hystrix for its breeding and the breeding process of other related tree species.