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<p><i>Picrorhiza kurrooa</i> (Kutki) is a perennial endangered medicinal plant, which extends from subalpine to alpine zones of the Himalayas. The species is well known for pharmacological applications as an anti-inflammatory, anti-allergic, hepato-protective, choleretic, anti-asthmatic and anti-cancerous activity due to presence of active iridoid glycosides. The present study was carried out to study the genotypic and phenotypic variation among 12 accessions/germplasm of <i>P. kurrooa</i> for vegetative and yield related traits at Bharsar, Uttarakhand, (2000 above MSL), India. Knowledge of genetic variability, heritability and association existing between different traits determine the progress of selection in crop improvement programs. Selected accessions were evaluated for 20 traits in a randomized complete block design. A wide range of variation in morphological characters is evidenced by visible difference in the data. Variation in genotypes between individuals indicates phenotypic variation also. The heritability values were found high for the characters viz., leaf area (86.25%), leaf length (81.56%), leaf width (78.62%), days taken to first sprout (78.37%), number of stolons (70.48%), fresh weight of stolon (69.85%) and days taken to 50 per cent sprouting (64.48%). It indicated that almost half of the variation among phenotypes are genetic in these characters and influenced by environment in their expression. The genotypic and phenotypic correlation with regard to fresh weight of stolon was found highly positive significant with most of the traits except sprouts related traits. Furthermore, the genotypic correlation coefficient has higher magnitude compared to the phenotypic correlation coefficient. Hence, any improvement in combinations of traits will directly affect the yield of stolon due to inherent association due to pleotropic effect of gene. These characters can be considered for yield improvement in <i>P. kurrooa</i> during selection strategy. Genotypic and phenotypic path coefficient showed highest positive direct effect with regards to fresh stolon yield for fresh weight of roots, leaf area, root length, plant spread, fresh weight of leaves, stolon length, number of floral spike and leaf length. It indicated the substantial influence of environment on the expression of traits due to predominance of additive genes action. The findings of this study suggest multi-location trails for higher yield and greater consistency in all accessions can be exploited for future breeding program; which is recently brought to cultivation from wild.</p>

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Variability and heritability for yield and yield attributing characters in an endangered medicinal herb Picrorhiza kurrooa Royle ex Benth under cultivation in Bharsar, Uttarakhand, Western Himalaya, India

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年5月6日

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  • Ajay Hemdan,
  • Rajendra S. Chauhan,
  • S. C. Pant,
  • Hansveer Chahal,
  • Prabhat Kumar,
  • B. P. Nautiyal

摘要

Picrorhiza kurrooa (Kutki) is a perennial endangered medicinal plant, which extends from subalpine to alpine zones of the Himalayas. The species is well known for pharmacological applications as an anti-inflammatory, anti-allergic, hepato-protective, choleretic, anti-asthmatic and anti-cancerous activity due to presence of active iridoid glycosides. The present study was carried out to study the genotypic and phenotypic variation among 12 accessions/germplasm of P. kurrooa for vegetative and yield related traits at Bharsar, Uttarakhand, (2000 above MSL), India. Knowledge of genetic variability, heritability and association existing between different traits determine the progress of selection in crop improvement programs. Selected accessions were evaluated for 20 traits in a randomized complete block design. A wide range of variation in morphological characters is evidenced by visible difference in the data. Variation in genotypes between individuals indicates phenotypic variation also. The heritability values were found high for the characters viz., leaf area (86.25%), leaf length (81.56%), leaf width (78.62%), days taken to first sprout (78.37%), number of stolons (70.48%), fresh weight of stolon (69.85%) and days taken to 50 per cent sprouting (64.48%). It indicated that almost half of the variation among phenotypes are genetic in these characters and influenced by environment in their expression. The genotypic and phenotypic correlation with regard to fresh weight of stolon was found highly positive significant with most of the traits except sprouts related traits. Furthermore, the genotypic correlation coefficient has higher magnitude compared to the phenotypic correlation coefficient. Hence, any improvement in combinations of traits will directly affect the yield of stolon due to inherent association due to pleotropic effect of gene. These characters can be considered for yield improvement in P. kurrooa during selection strategy. Genotypic and phenotypic path coefficient showed highest positive direct effect with regards to fresh stolon yield for fresh weight of roots, leaf area, root length, plant spread, fresh weight of leaves, stolon length, number of floral spike and leaf length. It indicated the substantial influence of environment on the expression of traits due to predominance of additive genes action. The findings of this study suggest multi-location trails for higher yield and greater consistency in all accessions can be exploited for future breeding program; which is recently brought to cultivation from wild.