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<p>Drought stress significantly impacts the growth and productivity of barley (<i>Hordeum vulgare</i> L.). In this experiment, culm height, spike length, awn length, chlorophyll and carotenoids, relative water content, osmotic potential and protein in tolerant lines (D-5 and D-10) and sensitive (Valfajr and Makouie) cultivars of <i>Hordeum vulgare</i> under two drought and well-watered conditions at Agricultural Biotechnology Research Institute of Iran in 2019–2020. The experiment was conducted as a completely randomized design (CRD) with three replications. Results showed that the drought had a notable effect on culm height, spike length, carotenoid content, relative water content (RWC), osmotic potential, and leaf protein content. In contrast, genotype had significant effects on chlorophyll a (Chl a), the Chl a/b ratio, total chlorophyll (TChl), SPAD chlorophyll, carotenoids, osmotic potential, and protein content. Under drought stress, culm height decreased by 25%, whereas carotenoids increased significantly by 31%. The interaction between irrigation and genotype also significantly affected spike, awn length, RWC, osmotic potential, and protein content. Moreover, drought-tolerant genotypes, such as "D_5" and "D_10," demonstrated greater culm length, chlorophyll levels, carotenoid content, and protein content, indicate their superior ability to adapt to drought. The increase in carotenoids enhanced antioxidant defense mechanisms, promoting resilience to stress, while higher protein content under drought conditions suggested a connection to improved drought tolerance mechanisms. RWC and osmotic adjustment emerged as crucial indicators of water status and drought tolerance. These findings underscore essential morphological and physiological traits, including plant height, chlorophyll stability, and osmoregulation, as important criteria for breeding drought-tolerant barley genotypes. This study offers valuable insights into adaptive responses and practical implications for enhancing barley productivity in water-limited environments.</p>

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Evaluation of physio-morphological characteristics associated with drought tolerance in drought tolerant and sensitive barley cultivars

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年2月10日

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  • Rozita Mazloumi Oskouiee,
  • Solmaz khosravi,
  • Sona Savari,
  • Mohammad Amin Hejazi,
  • Bahman Panahi

摘要

Drought stress significantly impacts the growth and productivity of barley (Hordeum vulgare L.). In this experiment, culm height, spike length, awn length, chlorophyll and carotenoids, relative water content, osmotic potential and protein in tolerant lines (D-5 and D-10) and sensitive (Valfajr and Makouie) cultivars of Hordeum vulgare under two drought and well-watered conditions at Agricultural Biotechnology Research Institute of Iran in 2019–2020. The experiment was conducted as a completely randomized design (CRD) with three replications. Results showed that the drought had a notable effect on culm height, spike length, carotenoid content, relative water content (RWC), osmotic potential, and leaf protein content. In contrast, genotype had significant effects on chlorophyll a (Chl a), the Chl a/b ratio, total chlorophyll (TChl), SPAD chlorophyll, carotenoids, osmotic potential, and protein content. Under drought stress, culm height decreased by 25%, whereas carotenoids increased significantly by 31%. The interaction between irrigation and genotype also significantly affected spike, awn length, RWC, osmotic potential, and protein content. Moreover, drought-tolerant genotypes, such as "D_5" and "D_10," demonstrated greater culm length, chlorophyll levels, carotenoid content, and protein content, indicate their superior ability to adapt to drought. The increase in carotenoids enhanced antioxidant defense mechanisms, promoting resilience to stress, while higher protein content under drought conditions suggested a connection to improved drought tolerance mechanisms. RWC and osmotic adjustment emerged as crucial indicators of water status and drought tolerance. These findings underscore essential morphological and physiological traits, including plant height, chlorophyll stability, and osmoregulation, as important criteria for breeding drought-tolerant barley genotypes. This study offers valuable insights into adaptive responses and practical implications for enhancing barley productivity in water-limited environments.