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<p>As one of the most important transcription factors in plants, the MADS box gene family plays a crucial role in growth, development and responses to stress. Although the MADS box gene family has been identified in many plant species, its members have not been characterized in pea. It is worth noting that previous research has predominantly focused on transcriptomic data analysis, often overlooking foundational research such as identification and characterization. Our study, for the first time, provides a comprehensive depiction of the genomic distribution of the MADS-box gene family in pea (<i>Pisum sativum</i>) and elucidates their expression patterns under various biotic and abiotic stress conditions. In this study, a total of 98 MADS-box genes were identified in the pea genome. Comparative clustering analysis with 108 <i>Arabidopsis </i>MADS-box genes revealed 55 type I and 43 Type II PsMADS genes, while the MIKC-S, MIKC-P, and FLC subgroups did not include any PsMADS members. Structural analysis of the PsMADS genes suggests that the Type II genes, with more and larger introns, may play more significant roles in pea physiology. Cis-regulatory element analysis revealed that the PsMADS genes possess several cis-elements associated with biotic and abiotic stresses, as important for plant growth and development. Gene duplication and synteny analysis indicate that functional evolution and diversification of these genes are important not only in peas but also in other leguminous plants such as alfalfa, soybean, and common bean. Transcriptome analysis under various periods and conditions of cold stress showed that most PsMADS exhibit distinct expression patterns. Furthermore, protein–protein interaction analyses have deepened our understanding of the regulatory relationships among PsMADS members. Overall, the PsMADS genes are integral to the growth, development, and stress response mechanisms in peas.</p>

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Identification of the complete MADS-box gene family in pea (Pisum sativum L.) and its expression pattern in development and adversity

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年1月27日

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  • Yi Gong,
  • Zejiang Qiu,
  • Abdel‑Halim Ghazy,
  • Qi Wang,
  • Sajid Fiaz,
  • Abdullah A. Al-Doss,
  • Kotb A. Attia,
  • Inzamam Ul Haq,
  • Rashid Iqbal,
  • Weihai Hou

摘要

As one of the most important transcription factors in plants, the MADS box gene family plays a crucial role in growth, development and responses to stress. Although the MADS box gene family has been identified in many plant species, its members have not been characterized in pea. It is worth noting that previous research has predominantly focused on transcriptomic data analysis, often overlooking foundational research such as identification and characterization. Our study, for the first time, provides a comprehensive depiction of the genomic distribution of the MADS-box gene family in pea (Pisum sativum) and elucidates their expression patterns under various biotic and abiotic stress conditions. In this study, a total of 98 MADS-box genes were identified in the pea genome. Comparative clustering analysis with 108 Arabidopsis MADS-box genes revealed 55 type I and 43 Type II PsMADS genes, while the MIKC-S, MIKC-P, and FLC subgroups did not include any PsMADS members. Structural analysis of the PsMADS genes suggests that the Type II genes, with more and larger introns, may play more significant roles in pea physiology. Cis-regulatory element analysis revealed that the PsMADS genes possess several cis-elements associated with biotic and abiotic stresses, as important for plant growth and development. Gene duplication and synteny analysis indicate that functional evolution and diversification of these genes are important not only in peas but also in other leguminous plants such as alfalfa, soybean, and common bean. Transcriptome analysis under various periods and conditions of cold stress showed that most PsMADS exhibit distinct expression patterns. Furthermore, protein–protein interaction analyses have deepened our understanding of the regulatory relationships among PsMADS members. Overall, the PsMADS genes are integral to the growth, development, and stress response mechanisms in peas.