Dehydrin genes allelic variations in some genotypes of local wild and cultivated barley (Hordeum L.) in Syria

Molecular research was carried out on a group of wild barley species (Hordeum spontaneum, H. bulbosum) from four governorates (Damascus, Damascus Countryside, Tartous, Hama (Salamiyah)) and cultivated barley (Arabi Aswad, Arabi Abiad, Furat 3, Furat 6, Furat 7, Furat 9). Additionally, genotypes of cultivated barley were gathered fromTartous and Hama (Salamiyah) to be genetically compared with those indicated previously. The objective of this research was to determine the allelic patterns of dehydrin genes among various Syrian barley genotypes including wild species. The polymerase chain reaction (PCR) final results of dehydrin genes patterns showed not only variation among the genotypes in the molecular weight but also showed one monomorphic pattern (A) in all genotypes. The PCR results also showed that the genes Dhn3 and Dhn7 had the largest the number of monomorphic patterns (14 in all genotypes), while the gene Dhn5 had the minimum number of patterns (only 2). In addition, the results showed that two genotypes (Furat 7 and Salamiyah H. spontaneum) were superior according to their number of genetic patterns, which were 10 and 9, respectively, while Tartous H. bulbosum and Arabi Abiad had the lowest number of patterns (5).