On sufficient conditions for degrees of freedom counting of multi-field generalised Proca theories

We derive conditions which are sufficient for theories consisting of multiple vector fields, which could also couple to non-dynamical external fields, to have the required structure of constraints of multi-field generalised Proca theories, so that the number of degrees of freedom is correct. The Faddeev–Jackiw constraint analysis is used and is cross-checked by Lagrangian constraint analysis. To ensure the theory is constraint, we impose a standard special form of Hessian matrix. The derivation benefits from the realisation that the theories are diffeomorphism invariance. The sufficient conditions obtained include a refinement of secondary-constraint enforcing relations derived previously in literature, as well as a condition which ensures that the iteration process of constraint analysis terminates. Some examples of theories are analysed to show whether they satisfy the sufficient conditions. Most notably, due to the obtained refinement on some of the conditions, some theories which are previously interpreted as being undesirable are in fact legitimate, and vice versa. This in turn affects the previous interpretations of cosmological implications which should later be reinvestigated.