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<p>India was severely impacted by the COVID-19 pandemic, recording the third-highest number of deaths in the world (533,570). Slums of large cities globally are highly susceptible to COVID-19 due to factors such as their dense populations, poor sanitation, substandard housing, and limited access to water, sanitation, and hygiene (WaSH) facilities. Kolkata’s metro area has a population of more than 15&#xa0;million people (2024) with one-third of people living in slums. The incidence of COVID-19 among slum residents varies significantly based on social groups, influenced by living conditions, caste, religion, age, gender, education level, occupation, income, knowledge of the disease, awareness and practice of preventive measures, and vaccination status. This article offers a quantitative model identifying the likelihood and relative risk of COVID-19 infection among different socio-demographic groups in Kolkata’s slums. Surveys were conducted with 341 residents from three different slums across Kolkata from March to December 2023. To investigate the risk of contracting COVID-19 among different sociodemographic groups, ten binary logistic regression models were utilized. The findings highlighted the most significant variables (age, level of education, getting a booster shot, knowledge of specific symptoms, etc.) showing positive or negative associations with infection risk. These findings will enable public health authorities to prioritize extremely vulnerable groups of people for testing and vaccination, thus reducing transmission, morbidity, and mortality rates. The findings inform policy implications and suggest directions for future research.</p>

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Contracting COVID-19 among different sociodemographic groups within the slums of Kolkata

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年12月14日

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  • Senjuti Mallik

摘要

India was severely impacted by the COVID-19 pandemic, recording the third-highest number of deaths in the world (533,570). Slums of large cities globally are highly susceptible to COVID-19 due to factors such as their dense populations, poor sanitation, substandard housing, and limited access to water, sanitation, and hygiene (WaSH) facilities. Kolkata’s metro area has a population of more than 15 million people (2024) with one-third of people living in slums. The incidence of COVID-19 among slum residents varies significantly based on social groups, influenced by living conditions, caste, religion, age, gender, education level, occupation, income, knowledge of the disease, awareness and practice of preventive measures, and vaccination status. This article offers a quantitative model identifying the likelihood and relative risk of COVID-19 infection among different socio-demographic groups in Kolkata’s slums. Surveys were conducted with 341 residents from three different slums across Kolkata from March to December 2023. To investigate the risk of contracting COVID-19 among different sociodemographic groups, ten binary logistic regression models were utilized. The findings highlighted the most significant variables (age, level of education, getting a booster shot, knowledge of specific symptoms, etc.) showing positive or negative associations with infection risk. These findings will enable public health authorities to prioritize extremely vulnerable groups of people for testing and vaccination, thus reducing transmission, morbidity, and mortality rates. The findings inform policy implications and suggest directions for future research.