<p>First- and last-mile accessibility is a critical component of Transit-Oriented Development (TOD), influencing how efficiently users can access and disperse from transit hubs. This paper reviews existing scholarly literature to identify and synthesise the various factors impacting first and last-mile connectivity. The review categorises these factors into physical infrastructure, socio-demographic attributes, land use characteristics, service-related parameters, and perceptual or behavioural aspects. Drawing on studies from global cities and developing countries, particularly India, the paper also examines policy interventions and planning frameworks aimed at enhancing last-mile accessibility. Findings highlight that integrated planning, multimodal infrastructure, and user-centric design are essential to improve connectivity, particularly in rapidly urbanising contexts. The review concludes by identifying research gaps and offering a conceptual framework for future empirical studies.</p>