<p>Cities along the northern coast of Java are essential drivers of economic growth and development in Indonesia, but they face significant challenges such as high population density, inadequate infrastructure, and socio-economic disparities, making them vulnerable to environmental risks and disasters. Furthermore, unbalanced development patterns exacerbate regional disparities, leaving marginalized communities behind. Rapid economic growth, coupled with urbanization, has also led to rising unemployment, further complicates the situation, perpetuating socio-economic inequalities and environmental challenges. This study aims to investigates urban vulnerability along the northern coast of Java shedding light on the modus operandi and significance of the integrated approach that combines four methods: spatial analysis, analytical hierarchy process (AHP), weighting and scoring and descriptive analysis. By integrating expert opinion and quantitative analysis from secondary data&#xa0;(socio-economic, environmental, infrastructure and land use), the study identified key factors driving urban vulnerability and assigned their relative weights. The findings indicate that vulnerability is primarily influenced by economic and resource factors, particularly in megacities and large metropolitan areas. While these cities can enhance resilience through mitigation measures and infrastructure development, such strategies alone do not guarantee long-term resilience, as they may produce secondary flood impacts that disrupt the ecological balance of urban coastal environments.</p>