Oblique Pullout Resistance of Horizontal Ground Anchors in Frictional Slopes
摘要
This study employs a limit equilibrium approach based on the Mohr–Coulomb failure criterion to assess the pullout resistance of strip plate anchors positioned near a sloping sand bed. The analysis presumes that the resisting soil zone is confined by linear failure surfaces that extend from the anchor’s edge to the ground surface. Kötter’s Equation is utilized to compute the soil reactions along the presumed failure surface. By optimizing the failure surface, the results are presented through a non-dimensional pullout factor. The study thoroughly investigates how different parameters—such as soil properties, the distance between the anchor edge and the slope crest (e), slope inclination (θ), internal friction angle (ϕ), and embedment ratio (λ = H/b) affect pullout resistance. The analysis demonstrates that the pullout resistance decreases with steeper slope angles, and the vertical pullout resistance reduces further with shallower embedment depths. A detailed comparison with existing data is carried out to validate the accuracy and applicability of the analytical results, confirming the reliability of the findings.