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<p>Flaws are a primary cause of anisotropy in rock failure behavior. To investigate the influence of flaw geometry on the mechanical properties of sandstone, digital image correlation (DIC) and acoustic emission (AE) techniques were employed to analyze the failure characteristics of rock specimens with two non-connected flaws. The results indicate that the rock bridge angle has a less pronounced weakening effect on rock strength than the flaw angle. Specimens with 0° flaws showed the most significant reduction in strength, while those with 90° flaws were only minimally affected. Crack coalescence models in the rock bridge region were governed by both the flaw angle and the rock bridge angle. Specimens with small flaw angles developed complex crack networks, whereas those with both large flaw angles and large rock bridge angles exhibited no coalescence in the bridge region. AE parameters effectively captured the damage evolution process in the specimens. The crack initiation stress (σ<sub>ci</sub>), peak stress (σ<sub>pk</sub>), and their ratio (R<sub>ci</sub>) all increased with increasing flaw angle, with specimens featuring large flaw angles displaying clear brittle failure characteristics. The findings provide valuable insights for analyzing the failure behavior of flawed brittle sandstones.</p>

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Mechanical Behavior and Crack Evolution of Sandstone with Non-connected Double Flaws

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年3月26日

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  • Qin Meng,
  • Shunchuan Wu,
  • Feng Dai,
  • Min Ren,
  • Weihua Liu,
  • Jiquan Ma,
  • Fei Li

摘要

Flaws are a primary cause of anisotropy in rock failure behavior. To investigate the influence of flaw geometry on the mechanical properties of sandstone, digital image correlation (DIC) and acoustic emission (AE) techniques were employed to analyze the failure characteristics of rock specimens with two non-connected flaws. The results indicate that the rock bridge angle has a less pronounced weakening effect on rock strength than the flaw angle. Specimens with 0° flaws showed the most significant reduction in strength, while those with 90° flaws were only minimally affected. Crack coalescence models in the rock bridge region were governed by both the flaw angle and the rock bridge angle. Specimens with small flaw angles developed complex crack networks, whereas those with both large flaw angles and large rock bridge angles exhibited no coalescence in the bridge region. AE parameters effectively captured the damage evolution process in the specimens. The crack initiation stress (σci), peak stress (σpk), and their ratio (Rci) all increased with increasing flaw angle, with specimens featuring large flaw angles displaying clear brittle failure characteristics. The findings provide valuable insights for analyzing the failure behavior of flawed brittle sandstones.