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<p>The interfacial behavior between geogrids and fill materials plays a critical role in governing the performance and stability of reinforced soil structures; however, its mechanical mechanism under high-fill embankment conditions remains insufficiently understood. Based on the Meishan Expressway Reconstruction Project in China,this study investigates the pull-out behavior and stability of geogrid-reinforced high-fill embankments through a combined experimental–numerical approach. A series of laboratory pull-out tests was conducted to evaluate the effects of moisture content, normal pressure, compaction degree, and geogrid layout pattern on geogrid-soil interaction, followed by numerical analyses using PLAXIS 2D to assess embankment stability. The results show that reducing the moisture content from 21 to 13% increased the peak interfacial shear stress by 66.4%, while increasing the normal pressure from 120 to 250&#xa0;kPa and the compaction degree from 90 to 95% improved it by 56.2 and 56.0%, respectively. Compared with flat laying, the reverse-wrapping geogrid configuration improved interfacial efficiency by 37.2%. Numerical simulations further revealed that slope stability is primarily controlled by moisture content, followed by geogrid layout pattern, compaction degree, and reinforcement depth, leading to maximum safety factor increases 35.3, 9.1, 7.0, and 1.1%, respectively. These findings clarify the coupled mechanical interaction between geogrids and fill materials under high-fill conditions and provide practical guidance for optimizing geogrid configuration and fill control in the design and sustainable construction of reinforced embankment.</p>

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Experimental and Numerical Study of Pull-Out Behaviour and Stability of Geogrid-Reinforced High Embankments

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年3月17日

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  • Yongjie Zhang,
  • Dong Zhang,
  • Peiyu Deng,
  • Po Tao,
  • Zongbao Yang,
  • Yipeng Guo

摘要

The interfacial behavior between geogrids and fill materials plays a critical role in governing the performance and stability of reinforced soil structures; however, its mechanical mechanism under high-fill embankment conditions remains insufficiently understood. Based on the Meishan Expressway Reconstruction Project in China,this study investigates the pull-out behavior and stability of geogrid-reinforced high-fill embankments through a combined experimental–numerical approach. A series of laboratory pull-out tests was conducted to evaluate the effects of moisture content, normal pressure, compaction degree, and geogrid layout pattern on geogrid-soil interaction, followed by numerical analyses using PLAXIS 2D to assess embankment stability. The results show that reducing the moisture content from 21 to 13% increased the peak interfacial shear stress by 66.4%, while increasing the normal pressure from 120 to 250 kPa and the compaction degree from 90 to 95% improved it by 56.2 and 56.0%, respectively. Compared with flat laying, the reverse-wrapping geogrid configuration improved interfacial efficiency by 37.2%. Numerical simulations further revealed that slope stability is primarily controlled by moisture content, followed by geogrid layout pattern, compaction degree, and reinforcement depth, leading to maximum safety factor increases 35.3, 9.1, 7.0, and 1.1%, respectively. These findings clarify the coupled mechanical interaction between geogrids and fill materials under high-fill conditions and provide practical guidance for optimizing geogrid configuration and fill control in the design and sustainable construction of reinforced embankment.