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<p>Artificial ground freezing (AGF) technology reinforces soft, water-rich soils by circulating artificially generated low-temperature refrigerants, which freeze the pore water and form high-strength frozen soil. Currently, AGF methods are widely used in municipal engineering, particularly in corss-passage. However, comprehensive observation studies on large-scale freezing projects (frozen curtain volume exceeding 300 cubic meters) are few. In this study, in situ monitoring was conducted in a cross-aisle project in Guangzhou, China, which utilized 225 horizontally arranged freezing pipes with a total length of 6,885.9&#xa0;m. The monitoring system recorded brine temperature, flow velocity, and soil temperature to analyze the temperature displacement in the large-scale freezing project. The results showed that the frozen curtain between freezing pipes and the excavation surface would deteriorate after excavation. Many temperature measurement points in the frozen curtain increased by 10–25&#xa0;°C, and a linear longitudinal gradient of approximately 0.3&#xa0;°C/m was observed. Meanwhile, this study proposed and verified a new method for evaluating the freezing effect, which combined the analytical solution, numerical simulation, and longitudinal temperature measurement. At the same time, the idea of dynamic cooling regulation based on the temperature and flow velocity of the brine was verified. The cooling energy demand decreased rapidly during the active freezing stage and stabilized at 20–30% of the initial value in the stable phase, providing a practical reference for freezing system operation in similar large-scale projects.</p>

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In situ Temperature Monitoring in a Large Scale Artificial Ground Freezing Project

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年2月16日

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  • Yongkui Fu,
  • Rui Liu,
  • Xiaofei Yang,
  • Guohui Huang,
  • Junwei Wang,
  • Song Zhang

摘要

Artificial ground freezing (AGF) technology reinforces soft, water-rich soils by circulating artificially generated low-temperature refrigerants, which freeze the pore water and form high-strength frozen soil. Currently, AGF methods are widely used in municipal engineering, particularly in corss-passage. However, comprehensive observation studies on large-scale freezing projects (frozen curtain volume exceeding 300 cubic meters) are few. In this study, in situ monitoring was conducted in a cross-aisle project in Guangzhou, China, which utilized 225 horizontally arranged freezing pipes with a total length of 6,885.9 m. The monitoring system recorded brine temperature, flow velocity, and soil temperature to analyze the temperature displacement in the large-scale freezing project. The results showed that the frozen curtain between freezing pipes and the excavation surface would deteriorate after excavation. Many temperature measurement points in the frozen curtain increased by 10–25 °C, and a linear longitudinal gradient of approximately 0.3 °C/m was observed. Meanwhile, this study proposed and verified a new method for evaluating the freezing effect, which combined the analytical solution, numerical simulation, and longitudinal temperature measurement. At the same time, the idea of dynamic cooling regulation based on the temperature and flow velocity of the brine was verified. The cooling energy demand decreased rapidly during the active freezing stage and stabilized at 20–30% of the initial value in the stable phase, providing a practical reference for freezing system operation in similar large-scale projects.