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<p>To investigate the particle breakage characteristics of weathered limestone rockfill materials during shearing and their influence on the mechanical behavior, a series of large-scale consolidated-drained triaxial shear tests were conducted on rockfill materials with different weathering degrees from a reservoir in Yunnan, by controlling the initial porosity. The stress–strain characteristics, volume deformation, strength parameters, and particle breakage patterns of rockfill materials with different dissolution weathering degrees (characterized by the weathering coefficient K<sub><i>f</i></sub>) were systematically analyzed. The test results indicated that dissolution weathering significantly weakens the mechanical performance of rockfill materials. The lower the K<i>f</i>, the flatter the stress–strain curve and the more significant the shear contraction deformation. Under high confining pressure, the peak deviatoric stress of the moderately weathered material (K<sub><i>f</i></sub> = 0.55) was 28.3% lower than that of the slightly weathered material (K<sub><i>f</i></sub> = 1.00). The degree of particle breakage intensifies with increasing confining pressure and weathering degree, and a good exponential relationship exists between the breakage index <i>B</i><sub><i>g</i></sub> and the fractal dimension <i>D</i>. Based on the experimental data, a gradation evolution prediction model coupling plastic work and the fractal dimension was established. This model, requiring only conventional test parameters, enables accurate prediction of gradation changes for rockfill materials with different weathering degrees under confining pressures ranging from 300 to 1200&#xa0;kPa, with the deviation controlled within ± 1%. The research findings can provide a theoretical basis for the engineering application of weathered limestone rockfill materials and the long-term deformation prediction of earth-rock dams.</p>

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Large-Scale Triaxial Tests on Dissolved-Weathered Limestone Rockfill Considering Particle Breakage

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年12月19日

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  • Pengzhan Gao,
  • Jianxin He,
  • Xu Geng,
  • Tao Feng,
  • Bin Wang,
  • Jinhua Ding

摘要

To investigate the particle breakage characteristics of weathered limestone rockfill materials during shearing and their influence on the mechanical behavior, a series of large-scale consolidated-drained triaxial shear tests were conducted on rockfill materials with different weathering degrees from a reservoir in Yunnan, by controlling the initial porosity. The stress–strain characteristics, volume deformation, strength parameters, and particle breakage patterns of rockfill materials with different dissolution weathering degrees (characterized by the weathering coefficient Kf) were systematically analyzed. The test results indicated that dissolution weathering significantly weakens the mechanical performance of rockfill materials. The lower the Kf, the flatter the stress–strain curve and the more significant the shear contraction deformation. Under high confining pressure, the peak deviatoric stress of the moderately weathered material (Kf = 0.55) was 28.3% lower than that of the slightly weathered material (Kf = 1.00). The degree of particle breakage intensifies with increasing confining pressure and weathering degree, and a good exponential relationship exists between the breakage index Bg and the fractal dimension D. Based on the experimental data, a gradation evolution prediction model coupling plastic work and the fractal dimension was established. This model, requiring only conventional test parameters, enables accurate prediction of gradation changes for rockfill materials with different weathering degrees under confining pressures ranging from 300 to 1200 kPa, with the deviation controlled within ± 1%. The research findings can provide a theoretical basis for the engineering application of weathered limestone rockfill materials and the long-term deformation prediction of earth-rock dams.