Mechanical Behaviour of Cemented Copper Tailings Under Isotropic Compression and Drained Triaxial Shearing for Filtered Stacking
摘要
Compacted filtered tailings stacks (CFTS) offer a safe alternative to conventional tailings storage or reallocation and are now feasible due to recent advances in filtering technology. Cement can also be incorporated into the tailings before compaction to enhance the structure’s engineering properties. This paper assesses the response of compacted copper tailings-cement mixtures for CFTS purposes via ultrasonic pulse velocity, unconfined compression, and triaxial compression tests conducted over a broad range of confining pressures (0.3 to 12 MPa). The ultrasonic pulse velocity and unconfined compression tests were performed separately using copper tailings retrieved from different locations within the same dam, using specimens with varying characteristics of compaction and cement contents (1, 3, and 5%). The results have shown the negligible influence of the tailings type on the stiffness and strength of the studied mixtures and the significant effect of the amount of cement and density. The moulding characteristics were highly influential in isotropic compression and shearing because a transitional response appeared. These data provided a simple framework for understanding critical aspects of the mechanical behaviour of lightly cemented copper tailings, particularly considering their apparent transitional responses.