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<p>The present study investigates the shear behaviour and liquefaction potential of mixed-grain soils under controlled laboratory conditions. The specimens, comprising broad particle size distributions ranging from gravel to clay, replicate natural debris flow materials in unstable slopes, as observed in Upper Svaneti, Georgia. The current study employs large-scale monotonic and cyclic triaxial tests to explores the influence of initial void ratio, cyclic stress ratio (CSR), loading direction (one-way vs. two-way), and frequency on soil stability. The results demonstrate that specimens with looser initial void ratios (e ≥ 0.85) experience rapid pore pressure buildup and liquefaction at lower cyclic stress ratios (CSR ≤ 0.4), whereas denser specimens (e ≤ 0.75) resist failure until CSR exceeds 1.0. Dynamic parameters such as the shear modulus decrease significantly with an increase in the CSR. This decline can reach up to 90% in loose specimens, and damping ratios exceed 100%, indicating severe cyclic degradation. The initial stress ratio accelerates pore pressure accumulation, with loose specimen failure in slope-simulating conditions. The study highlights that cyclic softening, mobility, and liquefaction are strongly influenced by loading amplitude and load reversal patterns. These findings provide key insights into the behaviour of mixed soils under cyclic loading. Such outcomes are essential for predicting and mitigating hazards in debris flow-prone environments.</p>

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Cyclic and Monotonic Behaviour of Coarse Mixed Soils from Debris Flow Slopes: Large-Scale Triaxial Insights

  • 期刊论文

  • 出版模式：

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  • 发表日期：

    2025年10月31日

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  • Aida Mehrpajouh,
  • Jens Engel

摘要

The present study investigates the shear behaviour and liquefaction potential of mixed-grain soils under controlled laboratory conditions. The specimens, comprising broad particle size distributions ranging from gravel to clay, replicate natural debris flow materials in unstable slopes, as observed in Upper Svaneti, Georgia. The current study employs large-scale monotonic and cyclic triaxial tests to explores the influence of initial void ratio, cyclic stress ratio (CSR), loading direction (one-way vs. two-way), and frequency on soil stability. The results demonstrate that specimens with looser initial void ratios (e ≥ 0.85) experience rapid pore pressure buildup and liquefaction at lower cyclic stress ratios (CSR ≤ 0.4), whereas denser specimens (e ≤ 0.75) resist failure until CSR exceeds 1.0. Dynamic parameters such as the shear modulus decrease significantly with an increase in the CSR. This decline can reach up to 90% in loose specimens, and damping ratios exceed 100%, indicating severe cyclic degradation. The initial stress ratio accelerates pore pressure accumulation, with loose specimen failure in slope-simulating conditions. The study highlights that cyclic softening, mobility, and liquefaction are strongly influenced by loading amplitude and load reversal patterns. These findings provide key insights into the behaviour of mixed soils under cyclic loading. Such outcomes are essential for predicting and mitigating hazards in debris flow-prone environments.