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<p>In this study, the hypoplastic soil constitutive model, enhanced with intergranular strain considerations, was extended to simulate the behavior of frozen sandy soils. A temperature state variable was incorporated into the model to account for temperature-dependent mechanical properties. To assess cyclic behavior, the temperature state variable was integrated with intergranular parameters, enabling the model to replicate the stress–strain hysteresis loop characteristic of frozen sandy soils. Comparisons with monotonic and cyclic triaxial test results demonstrated excellent agreement, confirming the model’s reliability in capturing the energy absorption and resistance of frozen soils. These findings establish the proposed model as a robust framework for predicting the complex behavior of frozen soils.</p>

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A Thermo-Dependent Hypoplastic Model Incorporating Inter-Granular Strain for Frozen Soils

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年8月22日

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  • Ali Namaei-kohal,
  • Alireza Ardakani

摘要

In this study, the hypoplastic soil constitutive model, enhanced with intergranular strain considerations, was extended to simulate the behavior of frozen sandy soils. A temperature state variable was incorporated into the model to account for temperature-dependent mechanical properties. To assess cyclic behavior, the temperature state variable was integrated with intergranular parameters, enabling the model to replicate the stress–strain hysteresis loop characteristic of frozen sandy soils. Comparisons with monotonic and cyclic triaxial test results demonstrated excellent agreement, confirming the model’s reliability in capturing the energy absorption and resistance of frozen soils. These findings establish the proposed model as a robust framework for predicting the complex behavior of frozen soils.