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<p>To address the challenges of excessive vibration velocity and overbreak/underbreak during shallow-buried tunneling with blasting excavation, this study proposes a large-diameter empty-hole angular cylindrical blasting scheme based on the Riedel–Hiermaier–Thoma constitutive model, incorporating the empty-hole effect and optimizing conventional empty-hole cut blasting. Feasibility of this improved scheme was investigated through simulation analysis and field blasting tests. Research findings demonstrate that: strategic placement of empty holes between charged holes significantly enhances rock fragmentation efficiency, primarily attributed to stress concentration near empty holes; this stress concentration facilitates rock fragmentation, while the free-face effect of empty holes effectively disrupts stress wave propagation, thereby reducing blasting vibration velocity; variations in millisecond delay time have minimal impact on crack propagation paths and final damage zone formation in cut blasting, yet they induce changes in vibration velocity; the introduced large-diameter empty-hole angular cylindrical cut blasting technique not only effectively suppresses overbreak but also promotes precise and smooth post-blast contour formation, providing a robust solution for enhancing engineering quality and reducing costs.</p>

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Optimization of Blasting Schemes for Shallow-Buried Tunnels Using the RHT Model

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年6月30日

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  • Xinping Guo,
  • Yehua Song,
  • Kuan Ren

摘要

To address the challenges of excessive vibration velocity and overbreak/underbreak during shallow-buried tunneling with blasting excavation, this study proposes a large-diameter empty-hole angular cylindrical blasting scheme based on the Riedel–Hiermaier–Thoma constitutive model, incorporating the empty-hole effect and optimizing conventional empty-hole cut blasting. Feasibility of this improved scheme was investigated through simulation analysis and field blasting tests. Research findings demonstrate that: strategic placement of empty holes between charged holes significantly enhances rock fragmentation efficiency, primarily attributed to stress concentration near empty holes; this stress concentration facilitates rock fragmentation, while the free-face effect of empty holes effectively disrupts stress wave propagation, thereby reducing blasting vibration velocity; variations in millisecond delay time have minimal impact on crack propagation paths and final damage zone formation in cut blasting, yet they induce changes in vibration velocity; the introduced large-diameter empty-hole angular cylindrical cut blasting technique not only effectively suppresses overbreak but also promotes precise and smooth post-blast contour formation, providing a robust solution for enhancing engineering quality and reducing costs.