<p>In deep underground mining, the stability of weakly cemented soft rock roadways in water-rich environments has always been a difficult problem for mining engineering. This study analyzes the mechanical properties, mineral composition, water-physical properties, microstructure, and stability of the weakly cemented soft rock by using the methods of laboratory experiments, theoretical analyses, and numerical simulations. The roadway is subjected to high ground stress, resulting in severe damage to surrounding rock and extensive crack development. Under the original support scheme, the crack generated by the borehole of anchor cable leads to the water-rich layer of the main roof, resulting in the interaction between the water-rich environment and the soft rock, which soft rock soften rapidly, and the mechanical property deteriorate sharply. At the same time, due to the defects in the design of the length of the anchor bolt, the anchoring zone of the anchor bolt is inside the broken surrounding rock, ultimately leads to failure of the roadway. Based on it, the coupling support scheme of “anchor cable—grouting—shotcrete” is proposed to sure safely and stable of the roadway. This study successfully solved the failure problem of such roadways, and provided corresponding theoretical basis and practical technical reference.</p>