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<p>Efficient potassium (K) management is critical for sustaining productivity in intensive cropping systems. This study, conducted during the 47<sup>th</sup> cycle of a long-term maize–wheat experiment, evaluated the impact of continuous applications of inorganic fertilizers, farmyard manure (FYM), and lime on soil K dynamics, K budgeting, and the role of soil organic carbon (SOC) in modulating K availability. Soil samples from surface (0–15&#xa0;cm) and subsurface (15–30&#xa0;cm) layers were analyzed for Total-K and its dispersion among different forms within the soil. Despite decades of inputs, most treatments exhibited either limited K accumulation or a negative K balance. Balanced NPK fertilization significantly improved all K fractions compared to unbalanced treatments (100% N or NP). Importantly, FYM-amended plots showed higher K uptake and enrichment of all K fractions at the same mineral K rate, suggesting that SOC contributes to K availability and may partially offset mineral K requirements. Treatments with positive K budgets were associated with increased WS-K and Ex-K, while negative budgets led to their depletion. All K forms, except Non-Ex-K, correlated positively with crop K uptake and yield, with Ex-K showing the strongest association. These findings highlight the importance of balanced fertilization in combination with organic amendments for enhancing soil K pools and sustaining long-term nutrient supply. Integrating SOC-building practices into fertilization strategies is crucial for improving K use efficiency and maintaining soil fertility in maize–wheat systems.</p>

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Inorganic and organic fertilizers affect potassium budget and dynamics in an acid Alfisol

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年7月24日

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  • Anjali,
  • Narender Kumar Sankhyan,
  • Raj Paul Sharma,
  • Ranbir Singh Rana,
  • Gurbhan Das Sharma,
  • Anjali Thakur

摘要

Efficient potassium (K) management is critical for sustaining productivity in intensive cropping systems. This study, conducted during the 47th cycle of a long-term maize–wheat experiment, evaluated the impact of continuous applications of inorganic fertilizers, farmyard manure (FYM), and lime on soil K dynamics, K budgeting, and the role of soil organic carbon (SOC) in modulating K availability. Soil samples from surface (0–15 cm) and subsurface (15–30 cm) layers were analyzed for Total-K and its dispersion among different forms within the soil. Despite decades of inputs, most treatments exhibited either limited K accumulation or a negative K balance. Balanced NPK fertilization significantly improved all K fractions compared to unbalanced treatments (100% N or NP). Importantly, FYM-amended plots showed higher K uptake and enrichment of all K fractions at the same mineral K rate, suggesting that SOC contributes to K availability and may partially offset mineral K requirements. Treatments with positive K budgets were associated with increased WS-K and Ex-K, while negative budgets led to their depletion. All K forms, except Non-Ex-K, correlated positively with crop K uptake and yield, with Ex-K showing the strongest association. These findings highlight the importance of balanced fertilization in combination with organic amendments for enhancing soil K pools and sustaining long-term nutrient supply. Integrating SOC-building practices into fertilization strategies is crucial for improving K use efficiency and maintaining soil fertility in maize–wheat systems.