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<p>I argue that the universe is a material system. I first show that what we understand by the universe meets fairly stringent criteria for materiality. I then show that the universe has all the characteristics of a system, with composition, structure, mechanisms, and even environment. After demonstrating that the universe is the maximal material system, I consider– and reject– some possible objections to my views. My conclusion: the universe is not a set, a fiction, or an idea of our mind. I suggest that the universe is the greatest material system of all.</p>

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Is the Universe a Material System?

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年8月19日

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  • Gustavo E. Romero

摘要

I argue that the universe is a material system. I first show that what we understand by the universe meets fairly stringent criteria for materiality. I then show that the universe has all the characteristics of a system, with composition, structure, mechanisms, and even environment. After demonstrating that the universe is the maximal material system, I consider– and reject– some possible objections to my views. My conclusion: the universe is not a set, a fiction, or an idea of our mind. I suggest that the universe is the greatest material system of all.